Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38751073›Full record

ArticleThe Canadian journal of nursing research = Revue canadienne de recherche en sciences infirmieres2025

Addressing Culturally Based Hidden Bias and RacisM (A-CHARM) Using Simulation Experiences, Nik's Story: A Quasi-Experimental Study.

Monakshi Sawhney, Jenny S Li, Michaela Patterson, Nathaniel P Gumapac, Crystal Sau, Ali Akbari

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Canadian journal of nursing research = Revue canadienne de recherche en sciences infirmieres, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Outcomes of antiracist pedagogy in health professions education: a scoping review.Advances in health sciences education : theory and practice · 2026
    Article
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Monakshi SawhneySchool of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queens University, Kingston, ON, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-5399-1715
Jenny S LiIntensive Care Unit, North York General Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Michaela PattersonCardiovascular Intensive Care Unit, Unity Health, St. Micheal's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Nathaniel P GumapacCritical Care Resource Pool, Kingston Health Sciences Centre, Kingston, ON, Canada.
Crystal SauMental Health, Kingston Health Sciences Centre, Kingston, ON, Canada.
Ali AkbariSchool of Nursing, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background/PurposeRacism and hidden bias experienced by underrepresented nursing students contribute to a loss of confidence and anxiety. The A-CHARM nursing project developed virtual simulation experiences for nursing students to practice how to address racism. 'Nik's Story' virtual simulation was created as part of the A-CHARM project. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of an education intervention, that included Nik's story, on cultural humility and cultural diversity awareness.MethodThis quasi-experimental study included a convenience sample of final year nursing students. After informed consent, participants completed a pre-intervention questionnaire that included the Cultural Humility Scale "context for difference in perspective" subscale, and the Cultural Diversity Awareness questionnaire to assess baseline knowledge. Students participated in an education intervention that included a lecture, Nik's story virtual simulation experience, a debrief and then completed a post-education/simulation questionnaire that included usability/learner engagement questions and the Cultural Humility Scale "context for difference in perspective" subscale, and the Cultural Diversity Awareness questionnaire.ResultsForty-seven students consented and completed the pre/post intervention questionnaire. Participants rated the effectiveness, engagement and usability of the simulation experience highly. There was a significant positive change in cultural humility "context for difference in perspective" subscale (pre-scores = 6.9, SD = 3.3; post-scores = 31.0, SD = 3.8,

Indexed as

Cultural CompetencyRacismSimulation TrainingStudents, NursingAdultCultural DiversityEducation, Nursing, BaccalaureateFemaleHumansMaleSurveys and QuestionnairesYoung AdultNursing educationracismsimulation

Identifiers

PMID38751073
PMCPMC11967084

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.