ArticleBMC pregnancy and childbirth2024
Associations between anxiety, sleep, and blood pressure parameters in pregnancy: a prospective pilot cohort study.
Article in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Prediction of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in advanced-age pregnant women using SHAP value and XGBoost.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- [Joint predictive effect of systolic blood pressure variability and sleep patterns on stroke].Zhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences · 2026Article
- Association of depression, anxiety, and insomnia in hypertensive disorders in pregnant women.World journal of psychiatry · 2026Article
- A Nomogram Predicting the Risk of Anxiety in Third-Trimester pregnancy in Pregnant Women with CTDs.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2026Article
- Association of Complete Blood Count-Derived Inflammatory Markers with Trouble Sleeping: Evidence from Population Data and Experimental Sleep Deprivation.Nature and science of sleep · 2026Article
- Anxiety and Arterial Stiffness in High-Risk Pregnancies: A Secondary Analysis of a Prospective Cohort Study.BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · 2025Article
- Sleeping for two: a cross-sectional study on associations between objectively measured sleep during early to mid-pregnancy and maternal and fetal outcomes and inflammatory biomarker profiles.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Interference between immune cells and insomnia: a bibliometric analysis from 2000 to 2023.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
13 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundThe potential effect modification of sleep on the relationship between anxiety and elevated blood pressure (BP) in pregnancy is understudied. We evaluated the relationship between anxiety, insomnia, and short sleep duration, as well as any interaction effects between these variables, on BP during pregnancy.
methodsThis was a prospective pilot cohort of pregnant people between 23 to 36 weeks' gestation at a single institution between 2021 and 2022. Standardized questionnaires were used to measure clinical insomnia and anxiety. Objective sleep duration was measured using a wrist-worn actigraphy device. Primary outcomes were systolic (SBP), diastolic (DBP), and mean (MAP) non-invasive BP measurements. Separate sequential multivariable linear regression models fit with generalized estimating equations (GEE) were used to separately assess associations between anxiety (independent variable) and each BP parameter (dependent variables), after adjusting for potential confounders (Model 1). Additional analyses were conducted adding insomnia and the interaction between anxiety and insomnia as independent variables (Model 2), and adding short sleep duration and the interaction between anxiety and short sleep duration as independent variables (Model 3), to evaluate any moderating effects on BP parameters.
resultsAmong the 60 participants who completed the study, 15 (25%) screened positive for anxiety, 11 (18%) had subjective insomnia, and 34 (59%) had objective short sleep duration. In Model 1, increased anxiety was not associated with increases in any BP parameters. When subjective insomnia was included in Model 2, increased DBP and MAP was significantly associated with anxiety (DBP: β 6.1, p = 0.01, MAP: β 6.2 p < 0.01). When short sleep was included in Model 3, all BP parameters were significantly associated with anxiety (SBP: β 9.6, p = 0.01, DBP: β 8.1, p < 0.001, and MAP: β 8.8, p < 0.001). No moderating effects were detected between insomnia and anxiety (p interactions: SBP 0.80, DBP 0.60, MAP 0.32) or between short sleep duration and anxiety (p interactions: SBP 0.12, DBP 0.24, MAP 0.13) on BP.
conclusionsWhen including either subjective insomnia or objective short sleep duration, pregnant people with anxiety had 5.1-9.6 mmHg higher SBP, 6.1-8.1 mmHg higher DBP, and 6.2-8.8 mmHg higher MAP than people without anxiety.
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