ArticleBMC gastroenterology2024
Sex difference in the associations among risk factors with gastroesophageal reflux disease in a large Taiwanese population study.
Article in BMC gastroenterology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Endoscopic assessment of the gastroesophageal junction for predicting gastroesophageal reflux disease.The Journal of international medical research · 2026Article
- Effect of comorbid gastroesophageal reflux disease on laryngopharyngeal reflux disease: Clinical characteristics and risk factors.World journal of gastrointestinal surgery · 2025Article
- Effect of sex on the outcomes of peroral endoscopic myotomy for the treatment of achalasia.World journal of gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Evaluation of the Susceptibility of Bangladeshi University Students to Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) and Its Associated Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study.Health science reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Role of blood lipids in mediating the effect of dietary factors on gastroesophageal reflux disease: a two-step mendelian randomization study.European journal of nutrition · 2024Article
- Prevalence and risk factors of gastroesophageal reflux disease among adults attending primary healthcare in Bahrain.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2024Article
- Esophageal Mucosal Impedance Assessment: Clinical Usefulness for Diagnosis of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease.Journal of neurogastroenterology and motility · 2024Article
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7 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundGastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common global health issue. Previous studies have revealed a higher prevalence of GERD in females than in males, however few studies have investigated sex differences in the risk factors associated with GERD. Therefore, the aim of this population-based study was to examine sex differences in the risk factors for GERD in a large cohort of over 120,000 Taiwanese participants.
methodsWe enrolled 121,583 participants (male: 43,698; female: 77,885; mean age 49.9 ± 11.0 years) from the Taiwan Biobank. The presence of GERD was ascertained using self-reported questionnaires. Sex differences in the risk factors associated with GERD were examined using multivariable logistic regression analysis.
resultsThe overall prevalence of GERD was 13.7%, including 13.0% in the male participants and 14.1% in the female participants (p < 0.001). Multivariable analysis showed that older age, hypertension, smoking history, alcohol history, low fasting glucose, and low uric acid were significantly associated with GERD in the male participants. In the female participants, older age, diabetes, hypertension, smoking history, alcohol history, low systolic blood pressure, low fasting glucose, high hemoglobin, high total cholesterol, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low uric acid were significantly associated with GERD. Significant interactions were found between sex and age (p < 0.001), diabetes (p < 0.001), smoking history (p < 0.001), fasting glucose (p = 0.002), triglycerides (p = 0.001), HDL-C (p = 0.001), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (p = 0.002) on GERD.
conclusionsOur results showed a higher prevalence of GERD among females compared to males. Furthermore, sex differences were identified in the risk factors associated with GERD, and older age, diabetes, smoking history, and low HDL-C were more closely related to GERD in females than in males.
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