SynthesisPloS one2024
Cardiovascular health and cancer risk associated with plant based diets: An umbrella review.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Cancer Risk and Mortality Following Substitution of Animal Foods with Plant Foods: A Systematic Review.Current nutrition reports · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Plasma Lipid Profile Among Perimenopausal Latvian Women in Relation to Dietary Habits.Nutrients · 2025Trial
- Interpreting Lower HDL Cholesterol in Plant-Based Diets: Mechanisms and Clinical Implications.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Review
- The Association of Diet and Lifestyle Factors With Quality of Life and Self-Rated Health in Older Adults: The Loma Linda Longevity Study.American journal of lifestyle medicine · 2026Article
- Sustainable diets and functional foods for the prevention of cardio-metabolic diseases and sustainable development goals of the UNO. An international consensus of scientific statement of the international college of nutrition and 28th world congress on clinical nutrition, Bogor, Indonesia.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2026Review
- The Co-Evolution of Sleep and Diet: Toward an Emerging Framework of Evolutionary Chrononutrition in Circadian-Metabolic Health.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Plant-Based Dietary Patterns and Risk of Alzheimer Disease and Related Dementias in the Multiethnic Cohort Study.Neurology · 2026Article
- Evaluation of Nutraceutical Properties of Fruits Derived from Some Wild-Growing Plant Species (Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Three-Tier Plate, Triple Win: Health, Sustainability, and Equity in the Slovenian Nutrition Guidelines 2025.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Association between long-term ambient air pollution and incident inflammatory bowel disease across levels of adherence to a plant-based diet: a prospective cohort study in the UK Biobank.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Plant-Based Food: From Nutritional Value to Health Benefits: 2nd Edition.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Serum Lipid Profile in Polish Women Adhering to Different Dietary Patterns: The Cardioprotective Potential of Plant-Based Diets.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Diet Quality and Comparison of Plant-Based Versus Omnivore Diets in Identical Twins: A Secondary Analysis of the Twins Nutrition Study (TwiNS).Current developments in nutrition · 2025Article
- Optimal Intake of Animal-Source Foods: A Scoping Review to Inform a New WHO Guideline.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2025Article
- Adherence to the Provegetarian Food Patterns and Incidence of All-Cause Mortality in a Mediterranean Population: The SUN Cohort.Nutrients · 2025Article
- The Role of Diet and Nutrition in Cancer Development and Management: From Molecular Mechanisms to Personalized Interventions.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Studying the Role of Vegetarianism as a Potential Strategy for Cancer Prevention and Treatment, a Bibliometric Analysis.Epidemiologia (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Non-linear association between the dietary index for gut microbiota and the atherogenic index of plasma: insights from a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
contextCardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and cancer are the two main leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Suboptimal diet, poor in vegetables, fruits, legumes and whole grain, and rich in processed and red meat, refined grains, and added sugars, is a primary modifiable risk factor. Based on health, economic and ethical concerns, plant-based diets have progressively widespread worldwide.
objectiveThis umbrella review aims at assessing the impact of animal-free and animal-products-free diets (A/APFDs) on the risk factors associated with the development of cardiometabolic diseases, cancer and their related mortalities. DATA SOURCES: PubMed and Scopus were searched for reviews, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses published from 1st January 2000 to 31st June 2023, written in English and involving human subjects of all ages. Primary studies and reviews/meta-analyses based on interventional trials which used A/APFDs as a therapy for people with metabolic diseases were excluded. DATA EXTRACTION: The umbrella review approach was applied for data extraction and analysis. The revised AMSTAR-R 11-item tool was applied to assess the quality of reviews/meta-analyses.
resultsOverall, vegetarian and vegan diets are significantly associated with better lipid profile, glycemic control, body weight/BMI, inflammation, and lower risk of ischemic heart disease and cancer. Vegetarian diet is also associated with lower mortality from CVDs. On the other hand, no difference in the risk of developing gestational diabetes and hypertension were reported in pregnant women following vegetarian diets. Study quality was average. A key limitation is represented by the high heterogeneity of the study population in terms of sample size, demography, geographical origin, dietary patterns, and other lifestyle confounders.
conclusionsPlant-based diets appear beneficial in reducing cardiometabolic risk factors, as well as CVDs, cancer risk and mortality. However, caution should be paid before broadly suggesting the adoption of A/AFPDs since the strength-of-evidence of study results is significantly limited by the large study heterogeneity alongside the potential risks associated with potentially restrictive regimens.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.