ArticleSchizophrenia bulletin2024
Evaluation of the Glymphatic System in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder Using Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Measurement of Brain Macromolecule and Diffusion Tensor Image Analysis Along the Perivascular Space Index.
Article in Schizophrenia bulletin, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- DTI-ALPS as a marker of glymphatic function: Review of the literature findings, methodology, and interpretation.Neuroimage. Reports · 2026Article
- Increased Activity of the Glymphatic System in First-Episode Psychosis: Relationship With Cortical Thinning.JAACAP open · 2026Article
- The glymphatic system in sleep: a nexus of waste clearance, brain homeostasis, and disease intervention.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Review
- Putative glymphatic function and free water in schizophrenia: A 7T DTI study across psychosis stages.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Article
- In vivo brain macromolecules in schizophrenia spectrum disorders.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Glymphatic dysfunction: a unifying hypothesis for delirium.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2026Review
- Developmental Alterations in the Diffusion Tensor Imaging Analysis Along the Perivascular Space Index Suggest Possible Glymphatic-Related Mechanisms Underlying Excitation/Inhibition Imbalance and Psychosis Vulnerability in 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2026Article
- Individualized DTI-ALPS Identifies Phase-Specific Glymphatic Dysfunction in Early-Stage Bipolar Disorder.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Brain Extracellular Space: From an Overlooked Dimension to Catalyst of a Novel Neuroscience Paradigm.Cyborg and bionic systems (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Review
- Decreased diffusivity along the perivascular spaces in bipolar disorder: an MRI-based cross-sectional and Mendelian randomization study.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- Mitigating Head Position Bias in Perivascular Fluid Imaging: LD-ALPS, a Novel Method for DTI-ALPS Calculation.NeuroSci · 2025Article
- Glymphatic system dysfunction in children with autism spectrum disorder as evidenced by the diffusion tensor imaging along perivascular spaces index.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Glymphatic system dysfunction in young adults hospitalized for an acute psychotic episode: a preliminary report from a pilot study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Assessing glymphatic-associated fluid dynamics in psychiatric disorders: evidence from neuroimaging - a review.Psychoradiology · 2025Review
- Glymphatic system and psychiatric disorders: need for a new paradigm?Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
background and hypothesisThe glymphatic system (GS), a brain waste clearance pathway, is disrupted in various neurodegenerative and vascular diseases. As schizophrenia shares clinical characteristics with these conditions, we hypothesized GS disruptions in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SCZ-SD), reflected in increased brain macromolecule (MM) and decreased diffusion-tensor-image-analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) index. STUDY
designForty-seven healthy controls (HCs) and 103 patients with SCZ-SD were studied. Data included 135 proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) sets, 96 DTI sets, with 79 participants contributing both. MM levels were quantified in the dorsal-anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and dorsal caudate (point resolved spectroscopy, echo-time = 35ms). Diffusivities in the projection and association fibers near the lateral ventricle were measured to calculate DTI-ALPS indices. General linear models were performed, adjusting for age, sex, and smoking. Correlation analyses examined relationships with age, illness duration, and symptoms severity. STUDY
resultsMM levels were not different between patients and HCs. However, left, right, and bilateral DTI-ALPS indices were lower in patients compared with HCs (P < .001). In HCs, age was positively correlated with dACC MM and negatively correlated with left, right, and bilateral DTI-ALPS indices (P < .001). In patients, illness duration was positively correlated with dACC MM and negatively correlated with the right DTI-ALPS index (P < .05). In the entire population, dACC MM and DTI-ALPS indices showed an inverse correlation (P < .01).
conclusionsOur results suggest potential disruptions in the GS of patients with SCZ-SD. Improving brain's waste clearance may offer a potential therapeutic approach for patients with SCZ-SD.
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