ArticleTobacco use insights2024
Smoking Habits and Nicotine Dependence Among the General Lebanese Population Before and During Both the Economic Crisis and COVID-19 Pandemic.
Article in Tobacco use insights, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Updated incidence of EGFR mutation in Middle Eastern patients with non-small cell lung cancer: a 7-year study in a Lebanese institution.BMC cancer · 2026Article
- Tumor Characteristics and Survival Predictors in Patients With Colorectal Cancer: A Lebanese Single-Center Experience.Clinical Medicine Insights. Oncology · 2026Article
- Changes in tobacco sales before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan: An interrupted time series analysis.PloS one · 2026Article
- Assessment of obstructive sleep apnea rate and associated factors among Lebanese adults: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
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Abstract
Objective: Smoking habits have widely changed over time; however, they remain a well-known fashion that risks people's health. In addition, nicotine addiction depends on the interplay between several factors. Our study aimed to understand the smoking habits and nicotine dependence in the Lebanese population before (September 2019) and during (June 2020) the economic crisis and COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This observational cross-sectional survey-based study included 1560 Lebanese individuals aged between 13 and 75 years old from June till October 2020. Data collection was performed through an electronic survey including patients' demographics and validated instruments to assess addiction to nicotine (CAGE, Four C's, Fagerström test, and Smoker's profile scores). Results: Out of 1560 participants, 794 (50.9%) were males. The mean age was 26.5 ± 11.69 years, and 67.8% were aged between 18 and 25 years old. We found that 865 (55.4%) participants were smokers. In addition, smoking cigarettes or vaping, significantly increased between September 2019 and June 2020. Our smoker group showed a high CAGE positivity ( Conclusion: During the economic crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic, the Lebanese population showed an increased prevalence of smoking, a high level of CAGE positivity, strong compulsion, and a significant lack of self-control when it came to quitting smoking. This strongly entails public health measures for smoking cessation through national awareness campaigns.
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