Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38744817›Full record

ArticleLight, science & applications2024

Wireless sequential dual light delivery for programmed PDT in vivo.

Jiayi Liu, Bowen Sun, Wenkai Li, Han-Joon Kim, Shu Uin Gan, John S Ho, Juwita Norasmara Bte Rahmat, Yong Zhang

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Light, science & applications, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Anatomy-resolved digital twin framework for personalized light dosimetry in lung therapies.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
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  5. Article
  6. Review
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  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Current Advances in Nanocarriers for Cancer Therapy.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025
    Review
  15. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Jiayi Liu *Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
Bowen Sun *Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117585, Singapore.
Wenkai Li *Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117576, Singapore.
Han-Joon KimDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117583, Singapore.
Shu Uin GanDepartment of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.
John S HoDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117583, Singapore.
Juwita Norasmara Bte RahmatDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117585, Singapore. biejnr@nus.edu.sg.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4134-0434
Yong ZhangDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China. yozhang@cityu.edu.hk.

Funding

MOH | National Medical Research Council (NMRC) MOH-000640MOH | National Medical Research Council (NMRC) MOH-001114-00
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Using photodynamic therapy (PDT) to treat deep-seated cancers is limited due to inefficient delivery of photosensitizers and low tissue penetration of light. Polymeric nanocarriers are widely used for photosensitizer delivery, while the self-quenching of the encapsulated photosensitizers would impair the PDT efficacy. Furthermore, the generated short-lived reactive oxygen spieces (ROS) can hardly diffuse out of nanocarriers, resulting in low PDT efficacy. Therefore, a smart nanocarrier system which can be degraded by light, followed by photosensitizer activation can potentially overcome these limitations and enhance the PDT efficacy. A light-sensitive polymer nanocarrier encapsulating photosensitizer (RB-M) was synthesized. An implantable wireless dual wavelength microLED device which delivers the two light wavelengths sequentially was developed to programmatically control the release and activation of the loaded photosensitizer. Two transmitter coils with matching resonant frequencies allow activation of the connected LEDs to emit different wavelengths independently. Optimal irradiation time, dose, and RB-M concentration were determined using an agent-based digital simulation method. In vitro and in vivo validation experiments in an orthotopic rat liver hepatocellular carcinoma disease model confirmed that the nanocarrier rupture and sequential low dose light irradiation strategy resulted in successful PDT at reduced photosensitizer and irradiation dose, which is a clinically significant event that enhances treatment safety.

Identifiers

PMID38744817
PMCPMC11094163

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.