ArticleJournal of translational medicine2024
Neuroprotective effects of apigenin on retinal ganglion cells in ischemia/reperfusion: modulating mitochondrial dynamics in in vivo and in vitro models.
Article in Journal of translational medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Mitochondrial homeostasis: the central hub governing the progression of atherosclerosis.Precision clinical medicine · 2026Review
- An integrated nano-delivery platform via baicalein-loaded polydopamine-MOF for enhanced neuroprotection against retinal ischemia reperfusion injury.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Apigenin Prevents Ovarian Aging by Regulating CaAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Review
- Phytochemical and Anti-Ischemic Stroke Properties from theDrug design, development and therapy · 2026Review
- The key mechanisms and intervention strategies of cell-type-specific mitochondrial metabolism in ophthalmic diseases.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Targeting Cathepsin B-mediated pyroptosis in fibroblasts alleviate ultraviolet-induced skin inflammation and injury.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2025Article
- Kynurenine-mediated redox regulation provides neuroprotection in central retinal artery occlusion.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- Retinal Ischemia: Therapeutic Effects and Mechanisms of Paeoniflorin.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Microglial Necroptosis Mediated by RIPK3 Leads to Retinal Ganglion Cell Apoptosis Through the Release of FGF2 After Ischemia/Reperfusion.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2025Article
- Prevalence and Clinical Characteristics of Dark Without Pressure Retinal Changes in a Chinese Hospital-Based Population.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2025Article
- Review
- Polyphenol-rich Morus nigra L. extract mitigates neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment through gut-brain axis modulation in an Alzheimer's disease rat model.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundRetinal ischemia/reperfusion (RIR) is implicated in various forms of optic neuropathies, yet effective treatments are lacking. RIR leads to the death of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and subsequent vision loss, posing detrimental effects on both physical and mental health. Apigenin (API), derived from a wide range of sources, has been reported to exert protective effects against ischemia/reperfusion injuries in various organs, such as the brain, kidney, myocardium, and liver. In this study, we investigated the protective effect of API and its underlying mechanisms on RGC degeneration induced by retinal ischemia/reperfusion (RIR).
methodsAn in vivo model was induced by anterior chamber perfusion following intravitreal injection of API one day prior to the procedure. Meanwhile, an in vitro model was established through 1% oxygen and glucose deprivation. The neuroprotective effects of API were evaluated using H&E staining, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), Fluoro-Gold retrograde labeling, and Photopic negative response (PhNR). Furthermore, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was employed to observe mitochondrial crista morphology and integrity. To elucidate the underlying mechanisms of API, the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay, flow cytometry assay, western blot, cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay, JC-1 kit assay, dichlorofluorescein-diacetate (DCFH-DA) assay, as well as TMRE and Mito-tracker staining were conducted.
resultsAPI treatment protected retinal inner plexiform layer (IPL) and ganglion cell complex (GCC), and improved the function of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). Additionally, API reduced RGC apoptosis and decreased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release by upregulating Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL expression, while downregulating Bax and cleaved caspase-3 expression. Furthermore, API increased mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and decreased extracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. These effects were achieved by enhancing mitochondrial function, restoring mitochondrial cristae morphology and integrity, and regulating the expression of OPA1, MFN2, and DRP1, thereby regulating mitochondrial dynamics involving fusion and fission.
conclusionAPI protects RGCs against RIR injury by modulating mitochondrial dynamics, promoting mitochondrial fusion and fission.
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