Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38741021›Full record

ArticleNature neuroscience2024

Cognitive representations of intracranial self-stimulation of midbrain dopamine neurons depend on stimulation frequency.

Samuel J Millard, Ivy B Hoang, Savannah Sherwood, Masakazu Taira, Vanessa Reyes, Zara Greer, Shayna L O'Connor, Kate M Wassum, Morgan H James, David J Barker and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature neuroscience, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Sequence termination cues drive automated habit-like strategy via dopamine-mediated processes.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Superior Colliculus Projections Drive Dopamine Neuron Activity and Movement But Not Value.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Deliberating on the role of dopamine.Trends in cognitive sciences · 2025
    Article
  9. Stimulus-Dependent Dopamine Dynamics from Locus Coeruleus Axons.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Modulation of Dopamine Neurons Alters Behavior and Event Encoding in the Nucleus Accumbens during Pavlovian Conditioning.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. How Dopamine Enables Learning from Aversion.Current opinion in behavioral sciences · 2025
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Sensory cues potentiate VTA dopamine mediated reinforcement.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023
    Article
  19. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Samuel J Millard *Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Ivy B Hoang *Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Savannah SherwoodDepartment of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Masakazu TairaDepartment of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Vanessa ReyesDepartment of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Zara GreerDepartment of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Shayna L O'ConnorDepartment of Psychiatry, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
Kate M WassumDepartment of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2635-7433
Morgan H JamesDepartment of Psychiatry, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9298-8607
David J BarkerBrain Health Institute, Rutgers Biomedical Health Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
Melissa J SharpeDepartment of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA. melissa.sharpe@sydney.edu.au.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5375-2076

Funding

Translational Research Support CoreP30ES005022 · NIEHS · UNIV OF MED/DENT NJ-R W JOHNSON MED SCH · PI Emily S Barrett · 1988 to 2026
$47.4M
UCLA Training Program in Translational Neuroscience of Drug Abuse (TNDA)T32DA024635 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI LARA A. RAY, Kate M Wassum · 2008 to 2026
$6.2M
Contribution of non-canonical dopamine pathways to model-based learningR01DA057084 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI Melissa Sharpe, Kate M Wassum · 2023 to 2026
$2.5M
Rutgers Training in Addiction Research ProgramT32DA055569 · NIDA · RUTGERS BIOMEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES · PI Robert Christopher Pierce · 2023 to 2026
$1.6M
The role of the lateral hypothalamus in the balance of learning and behavior towards relevant stimuliR01DA054967 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY · PI Melissa Sharpe · 2022 to 2026
$1.5M
Orexin (hypocretin) signaling in ventral tegmental area as a common mediator of sleep disturbances and drug demand in cocaine abstinenceR01DA061303 · NIDA · RUTGERS BIOMEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES · PI Gary S. Aston-Jones, Morgan H. James · 2024 to 2026
$1.1M
Orexin/hypocretin as a common mediator of stress and reward behavior in cocaine addictionR00DA045765 · NIDA · RUTGERS BIOMEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES · PI JAMES, MORGAN H. · 2021 to 2023
$747k
Defining the differential roles of Glutamatergic and GABAergic projections from the Lateral Preoptic Area to the Lateral Habenula in Reward, Aversion, and Drug-Seeking Behavior.R00DA043572 · NIDA · RUTGERS, THE STATE UNIV OF N.J. · PI BARKER, DAVID J · 2019 to 2021
$747k
Neural circuitry of distress toleranceR00DA045764 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS EL PASO · PI MOSCHAK, TRAVIS M · 2021 to 2023
$745k
Investigating the Recruitment of Lateral Hypothalamic Circuits for Encoding Fear Memories Following Experience with Reward LearningR21MH126278 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI SHARPE, MELISSA · 2022 to 2023
$429k
Neural circuitry of distress toleranceK99DA045764 · NIDA · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI MOSCHAK, TRAVIS M · 2019 to 2020
$232k
Brain and Behavior Research Foundation (Brain & Behavior Research Foundation) BBRF 30637National Science Foundation (NSF) NSF2143910NIDA NIH HHS K99 DA043572NIDA NIH HHS K99 DA045764NIDA NIH HHS R00 DA043572NIDA NIH HHS R00 DA045764NIDA NIH HHS R00 DA045765NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA054967NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA057084NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA061303NIDA NIH HHS T32 DA024635NIDA NIH HHS T32 DA055569NIEHS NIH HHS P30 ES005022NIMH NIH HHS R21 MH126278U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) R21MH126278U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) NIDA R01 054967U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) NIDA R01 057084
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area support intracranial self-stimulation (ICSS), yet the cognitive representations underlying this phenomenon remain unclear. Here, 20-Hz stimulation of dopamine neurons, which approximates a physiologically relevant prediction error, was not sufficient to support ICSS beyond a continuously reinforced schedule and did not endow cues with a general or specific value. However, 50-Hz stimulation of dopamine neurons was sufficient to drive robust ICSS and was represented as a specific reward to motivate behavior. The frequency dependence of this effect is due to the rate (not the number) of action potentials produced by dopamine neurons, which differently modulates dopamine release downstream.

Indexed as

Dopaminergic NeuronsRewardSelf StimulationVentral Tegmental AreaAction PotentialsAnimalsCognitionDopamineElectric StimulationMacaca mulattaMaleMesencephalonDopamine

Identifiers

PMID38741021
PMCPMC11239488

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.