ReviewNature human behaviour2024
Toolbox of individual-level interventions against online misinformation.
Review in Nature human behaviour, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Salivary Gland Oncocytomas. A Systematic Review.Head and neck pathology · 2024Pooled it
- Susceptibility to online misinformation: A systematic meta-analysis of demographic and psychological factors.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Pooled it
- A Possible Association of Salivary Gland Tumors and Oral Lesions with Birt-Hogg-Dube Syndrome: A Systematic Review.Head and neck pathology · 2024Pooled it
- Blueprint of a smokescreen: Introducing the validated climate disinformation corpus for behavioural research on combating climate disinformation.British journal of psychology (London, England : 1953) · 2026Article
- Multilayered Epistemic Disruption in AI-Driven Health Misinformation: Conceptual Framework and Viewpoint.JMIR infodemiology · 2026Article
- Insights from climate psychology for misinformation research.Nature human behaviour · 2026Article
- V-CHIMERA: An Immune-Inspired Verified Framework for Organizational Cyber Crisis Response Under Misinformation.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Community-based fact-checking reduces the spread of misleading posts on X (formerly Twitter).Nature communications · 2026Article
- You sure about that? The effects of textual and image-based Skepticism on belief in dubious social-media claims.Cognitive research: principles and implications · 2026Article
- Real-time processing of misinformation and its correction: Insights from eye movements during reading.Cognitive research: principles and implications · 2026Article
- Article
- Evaluating generative AI's potential to dispel misinformation about wind farms.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Why we believe chatbots: trust calibration as a design problem.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- From emergence to amplification: an analysis of lifecycle models to address health mis-disinformation in the digital environment.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Conditioning Public Opinion Perceptions by "Survey Methods 101": Informing, Engaging, and Motivating Individuals for Critical Processing of Public Opinion Polls.Public opinion quarterly · 2026Article
- The case against efficiency: friction in social media.Npj complexity · 2026Review
- How social learning enhances-or undermines-efficiency and flexibility in collective decision-making under uncertainty.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Fear and Medical Misinformation Regarding Risk of Progression or Recurrence Among Patients with Breast Cancer.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Misinformation interventions and online sharing behaviour: lessons learned from two pre-registered field studies.Royal Society open science · 2025Article
- The impact of interventions against science disinformation in high school students.Scientific reports · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
30 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The spread of misinformation through media and social networks threatens many aspects of society, including public health and the state of democracies. One approach to mitigating the effect of misinformation focuses on individual-level interventions, equipping policymakers and the public with essential tools to curb the spread and influence of falsehoods. Here we introduce a toolbox of individual-level interventions for reducing harm from online misinformation. Comprising an up-to-date account of interventions featured in 81 scientific papers from across the globe, the toolbox provides both a conceptual overview of nine main types of interventions, including their target, scope and examples, and a summary of the empirical evidence supporting the interventions, including the methods and experimental paradigms used to test them. The nine types of interventions covered are accuracy prompts, debunking and rebuttals, friction, inoculation, lateral reading and verification strategies, media-literacy tips, social norms, source-credibility labels, and warning and fact-checking labels.
Indexed as
Identifiers
38740990What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.