Trial reportNutrients2024
Caffeine Improves Sprint Time in Simulated Freestyle Swimming Competition but Not the Vertical Jump in Female Swimmers.
Trial report in Nutrients, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Caffeine makes a splash: a systematic review and multilevel meta-analysis exploring the effects of caffeine intake on swimming performance.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2026Pooled it
- Does caffeine intake enhance physical and physiological performance in swimmers? a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Pooled it
- Efficacy of dietary supplements on sports performance outcomes: a systematic review of evidence in elite athletes.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of acute caffeine ingestion combined with post-activation potentiation enhancement on the anaerobic capacity of male collegiate basketball players.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2026Trial
- Effects of caffeine gum on same-day and subsequent neuromuscular performance under a standardized resistance-priming condition in male basketball players.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2026Trial
- Static Stretching Acutely Reduces the Ergogenic Effects of Caffeine on Sprint Performance but Not Maximal Ball Velocity in Football Players.European journal of sport science · 2026Trial
- Theacrine as a novel ergogenic aid: impact on canoe sprint performance.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2025Trial
- Low-dose caffeine enhances cognitive processing but not physical performance in fatigued taekwondo athletes: a randomized crossover trial.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2025Trial
- Effect of Caffeinated Chewing Gum on Maximal Strength, Muscular Power, and Muscle Recruitment During Bench Press and Back Squat Exercises.Nutrients · 2025Trial
- Synergistic Effects of Probiotic and Omega-3 Supplementation with Ultra-Short Race Pace Training on Sprint Swimming Performance.Nutrients · 2025Trial
- The effects of caffeinated chewing gum on sprint swimming performance and upper-body strength: a randomized crossover study.BMC nutrition · 2026Article
- Feasibility and Preliminary Effects of Aquatic Exercise on Pulmonary Function and Dynamic Balance in Young Adult Smokers: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Moderate-dose caffeine enhances anaerobic performance without altering hydration status.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Caffeine (CAF) has been shown to be an effective ergogenic aid in enhancing sports performance, including vertical jump (VJ), sprint, balance, agility, and freestyle swimming performance (FSP). However, whether acute CAF supplementation improves FSP in moderately trained female swimmers has not been well documented. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of CAF intake on vertical jump, balance, auditory reaction time (ART), and swimming performance in female swimmers. In a double-blind, cross-over design, eight moderately trained female swimmers (age: 21.3 ± 1.4 years, height: 161.2 ± 7.1 cm, body mass: 56.3 ± 6.7 kg, body mass index (BMI): 21.9 ± 1.3 kg/m
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.