ArticleCancers2024
The Use of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Does Not Increase the Risk of Pancreatic Cancer: A U.S.-Based Cohort Study.
Article in Cancers, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Effect of GLP-1 receptor agonists on prostate cancer risk reduction: a systematic review and meta-analysis.International urology and nephrology · 2025Pooled it
- Associations Between Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists (GLP-1RAs) and Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Cancer control : journal of the Moffitt Cancer CenterPooled it
- Association of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists With Cancer Risk in Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2026Article
- Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists and cancer risk: the good, the bad and the unknown.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2026Review
- Evaluation of the safety profile of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists: a focus on thyroid cancer-related adverse events by using the European pharmacovigilance database.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2026Article
- Cancer Incidence Among Users of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists.Journal of general internal medicine · 2026Article
- Evaluating the Safety Profile of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists: Adverse Events and Clinical Recommendations.Journal of obesity & metabolic syndrome · 2026Review
- Pancreatic Mucinous Cystic Neoplasms Following GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Use: A Report of Two Cases with Literature Review.Journal of gastrointestinal cancer · 2026Review
- Approach to the Patient With Pancreatogenic Diabetes.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Review
- Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist Use and Pancreatic Cancer Risk in Patients with Chronic Pancreatitis.Cancers · 2026Article
- Pancreatic Cancer and Diabetes: Insights, Hypotheses, and Next Steps.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Obesity and Pancreatic Diseases: From Inflammation to Oncogenesis and the Impact of Weight Loss Interventions.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists compared with bariatric metabolic surgery and the risk of obesity-related cancer: an observational, retrospective cohort study.EClinicalMedicine · 2025Article
- Incretin-Based Therapies and Cancer: What's New?Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Review
- Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists and cancer risk: advancing precision medicine through mechanistic understanding and clinical evidence.Biomarker research · 2025 · on this mapReview
- A System-Based Review on Effects of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists: Benefits vs Risks.Cureus · 2025Review
- Pancreatitis Risk Associated with GLP-1 Receptor Agonists, Considered as a Single Class, in a Comorbidity-Free Subgroup of Type 2 Diabetes Patients in the United States: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Anti-Diabetic Therapies and Cancer: From Bench to Bedside.Biomolecules · 2024Review
- Article
- Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist: A potential game changer for cholangiocarcinoma.World journal of gastroenterology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundGLP-1 RAs are widely used for T2DM treatment due to their cardiorenal and metabolic benefits. This study examines the risk of pancreatic cancer with GLP-1 RA use in patients with T2DM.
methodsWe analyzed TriNetX's deidentified research database using the U.S. Collaborative Network comprising 62 healthcare organizations across the U.S.A. Patients with T2DM were split into two cohorts: one receiving GLP-1 RAs, and one not receiving GLP-1 RAs. We excluded patients with known risk factors for pancreatic cancer, including pancreatic cysts, a personal or family history of BRCA1, BRCA2, CDKN2A, KRAS, MEN1, MLH1, MSH2, NOTCH1, PALB2, PMS2, and PRSS1S genes, family history of pancreatic cancer, and VHL syndrome. Using a 1:1 propensity score-matching model based on baseline characteristics and comorbidities, we created comparable cohorts. We then compared the rate of pancreatic cancer between the two cohorts at a 7-year interval.
resultsOut of 7,146,015 identified patients with T2DM, 10.3% were on a GLP-1 RA and 89.7% were not. Post-PSM, 721,110 patients were in each group. Patients on GLP-1 RAs had a 0.1% risk compared to a 0.2% risk of pancreatic cancer in the 7-year timeframe.
conclusionThe use of GLP-1 RAs in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) does not appear to substantially elevate the risk of pancreatic cancer; in fact, it may potentially exert a protective effect.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.