ReviewEFORT open reviews2024
Diagnosis and treatment of posterior shoulder instability based on the ABC classification.
Review in EFORT open reviews, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- [Static posterior humeral subluxation without osteoarthritis (posterior shoulder instability type C1) : Where does it come from and is there a solution?]Orthopadie (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- [Treatment of acute, first-time posterior shoulder instability].Orthopadie (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- [Posterior shoulder instability : Epidemiology, examination, and diagnostics].Orthopadie (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Modified Kouvalchouk technique for recurrent posterior instability of the shoulder: A retrospective multicenter review of 31 cases with an average follow-up of 5 years.JSES international · 2026Article
- Pediatric shoulder instability: epidemiology, etiology, diagnosis and treatment.Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery · 2026Review
- Retroglenoid osteotomy with capsular shift for posterior shoulder instability: technical note and short-term results.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2026Article
- Preosteoarthritic static posterior humeral subluxation in young adults (posterior shoulder instability type C1): associative factors, diagnosis, and treatment.JSES reviews, reports, and techniques · 2025Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Posterior shoulder instability (PSI) is less common than anterior shoulder instability, accounting for 2-12% of total shoulder instability cases. However, a much higher frequency of PSI has been recently indicated, suggesting that PSI accounts for up to 24% of all young and active patients who are surgically treated for shoulder instability. This differentiation might be explained due to the frequent misinterpretation of vague symptoms, as PSI does not necessarily present as a recurrent posterior instability event, but often also as mere shoulder pain during exertion, limited range of motion, or even as yet asymptomatic concomitant finding. In order to optimize current treatment, it is crucial to identify the various clinical presentations and often unspecific symptoms of PSI, ascertain the causal instability mechanism, and accurately diagnose the subgroup of PSI. This review should guide the reader to correctly identify PSI, providing diagnostic criteria and treatment strategies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.