Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38726441›Full record

ReviewFood science & nutrition2024

Valorization of tea waste: Composition, bioactivity, extraction methods, and utilization.

Tümay Gözdem Çakmak, Beyza Saricaoglu, Gulay Ozkan, Merve Tomas, Esra Capanoglu

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Food science & nutrition, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Nutritional and Compositional Profile ofFood science & nutrition · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
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  11. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Tümay Gözdem ÇakmakDepartment of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering Istanbul Technical University Istanbul Turkey.
Beyza SaricaogluDepartment of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering Istanbul Technical University Istanbul Turkey.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8422-0478
Gulay OzkanDepartment of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering Istanbul Technical University Istanbul Turkey.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6375-1608
Merve TomasDepartment of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering Istanbul Technical University Istanbul Turkey.
Esra CapanogluDepartment of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering Istanbul Technical University Istanbul Turkey.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0335-9433

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Tea is the most consumed beverage worldwide and has many health effects. Although there are many different types of tea, black tea and green tea comprise 98% of total tea production in the world. Tea waste production consists of withering, crushing, fermentation, drying and finally packaging processes. All of the waste generated during this production line is called tea waste. Tea production results in a significant amount of waste that cannot be effectively used for value creation. This waste contains many different components including protein, fiber, caffeine, and polyphenols. Due to its rich composition, it can be revalorized for different purposes. In this study, the general composition and bioactive compounds of tea waste were reviewed. Despite the fact that there have been few studies on the bioactivity of tea waste, those studies have also been discussed. The extraction techniques that are used to separate the compounds in the waste are also covered. It has been indicated that these valuable compounds, which can be separated from tea wastes by extraction methods, have the potential to be used for different purposes, such as biogas production, functional foods, food additives, silages, soluble packaging materials, and adsorbents. Although there are some studies on the revalorization of tea waste, new studies on the extraction of bioactive compounds are necessary to improve its utilization potential.

Indexed as

extraction of bioactivesphenolic compoundsspent tea leaveswaste valorization

Identifiers

PMID38726441
PMCPMC11077253

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.