ArticleNature communications2024
Sustainable 3D printing by reversible salting-out effects with aqueous salt solutions.
Article in Nature communications, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Stimuli-Responsive Hierarchical Structuring Controls Survival and Programs Hydrogelation of Supramolecular Metallofibers.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
- Ion-Specific Network Reconfiguration in Gelatin Hydrogels Enables Self-Powered Photodetection and Neuromorphic Perception.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026Article
- Light-assisted 3D bioprinting of tough hydrogels in biomedical applications.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Scalable hierarchical textile fibers toward personalized wearable atmospheric water harvesting.Science advances · 2026Article
- Tissue-adaptive bioelectronic fibers with temperature-induced self-tightening enable ultrastable neural interface.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Electrochemical-Genetic Programming of Protein-Based Magnetic Soft Robots for Active Drug Delivery.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Operando Decoding Ion-Conductive Switch in Stimuli-Responsive Hydrogel by Nanodiamond-Based Quantum Sensing.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Achieving a simple yet sustainable printing technique with minimal instruments and energy remains challenging. Here, a facile and sustainable 3D printing technique is developed by utilizing a reversible salting-out effect. The salting-out effect induced by aqueous salt solutions lowers the phase transition temperature of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) solutions to below 10 °C. It enables the spontaneous and instant formation of physical crosslinks within PNIPAM chains at room temperature, thus allowing the PNIPAM solution to solidify upon contact with a salt solution. The PNIPAM solutions are extrudable through needles and can immediately solidify by salt ions, preserving printed structures, without rheological modifiers, chemical crosslinkers, and additional post-processing steps/equipment. The reversible physical crosslinking and de-crosslinking of the polymer through the salting-out effect demonstrate the recyclability of the polymeric ink. This printing approach extends to various PNIPAM-based composite solutions incorporating functional materials or other polymers, which offers great potential for developing water-soluble disposable electronic circuits, carriers for delivering small materials, and smart actuators.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.