ReviewNature2024
The refinery of the future.
Review in Nature, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed.
- Bridging the Gap Between Laboratory Catalyst Research and Practical Water Electrolyzer Commercialization.JACS Au · 2026Review
- Molecular-level petroleum refining by graded membranes.National science review · 2026Article
- Ru-enabled dehydration-reductive amination of α-, β-hydroxy acids into amino acids.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Enhanced Formation of Dicarboxylic Acids in the Catalytic Oxidation of Polyethylene With OAngewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2026Article
- Spatially harnessing oxygenase enables paired and ultraselective electrooxidative waste depolymerization.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Sulfone-decorated hypercrosslinked polymers for sacrificial light-driven hydrogen evolution from water.Journal of materials chemistry. A · 2026Article
- Photoreforming and Photoelectroreforming of Waste-Derived Feedstocks for Solar-Driven Production of Fuels and Chemicals.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Review
- COAngewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2026Article
- Tri-valorization of methanol in a single bioreactor: co-production of enzyme, chemical, and single-cell protein using engineered Pichia pastoris (Komagataella phaffii).Bioresources and bioprocessing · 2026Article
- Synergistic mechanisms of metal-based supports in Ru-based HER catalysts: from dimensional perspective to metal-support interaction engineering.Chemical science · 2026Review
- Tuning the Disordered Structure: Recent Advances in Amorphization Engineering for Enhanced Photocatalysis.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
- Bifunctional nanocatalyst design for polyolefin hydrocracking.Nature nanotechnology · 2026Review
- Article
- Organic Materials for Biohybrid Photocatalysis and Photoelectrochemical Devices.Chemical reviews · 2026Review
- Insights Into Atomic Ordering and Morphological Control Integration Design for Next-Generation Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells.ChemSusChem · 2026Review
- Enhancing Catalyst Stability for Magnetically Induced Aqueous Catalysis: Functionalization with a Hydrosoluble Zwitterionic Amidinate Ligand.ChemSusChem · 2026Article
- Topology-Dependent Coke Formation in the Catalytic Pyrolysis of Phenol Over HFAU and HZSM-5 Zeolites.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2026Article
- Tuning selectivity in the direct hydrogenolysis of PET plastic over Co catalysts through interfacial hydrogen spillover.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Low-Temperature Reverse Water-Gas Shift Enabled by Magnetically Induced Catalysis.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2026Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Fossil fuels-coal, oil and gas-supply most of the world's energy and also form the basis of many products essential for everyday life. Their use is the largest contributor to the carbon dioxide emissions that drive global climate change, prompting joint efforts to find renewable alternatives that might enable a carbon-neutral society by as early as 2050. There are clear paths for renewable electricity to replace fossil-fuel-based energy, but the transport fuels and chemicals produced in oil refineries will still be needed. We can attempt to close the carbon cycle associated with their use by electrifying refinery processes and by changing the raw materials that go into a refinery from fossils fuels to carbon dioxide for making hydrocarbon fuels and to agricultural and municipal waste for making chemicals and polymers. We argue that, with sufficient long-term commitment and support, the science and technology for such a completely fossil-free refinery, delivering the products required after 2050 (less fuels, more chemicals), could be developed. This future refinery will require substantially larger areas and greater mineral resources than is the case at present and critically depends on the capacity to generate large amounts of renewable energy for hydrogen production and carbon dioxide capture.
Indexed as
Identifiers
38720037What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.