ArticleGut2024
Comprehensive single-cell analysis deciphered microenvironmental dynamics and immune regulator olfactomedin 4 in pathogenesis of gallbladder cancer.
Article in Gut, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed.
- Splicing-mediated control of hnRNPD isoform switching by SRSF2 drives PD-L1-dependent immune evasion in gallbladder cancer.Oncogene · 2026Article
- Article
- cPLA2α inhibition potentiates anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in lung adenocarcinoma via remodeling tumor microenvironment.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Comprehensive single-cell analysis reveals cellular heterogeneity and immune interactions in colorectal cancer.Translational oncology · 2026Article
- Spatial profiling defines three immunophenotypes and a perineural invasion-associated immune-evasion niche in gallbladder cancer.JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology · 2026Article
- MET Amplification in Gallbladder Cancer: a Case Report on a Precision Medicine Approach with Glumetinib and Envafolimab.Journal of gastrointestinal cancer · 2026Article
- Age-dependent transcriptional remodeling of the liver and gallbladder in response to fasting in mice.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- OLFM4 orchestrates the immunosuppressive microenvironment and drives gallbladder cancer progression.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2026Article
- New progress and clinical research translation of immune checkpoint inhibitors in systemic therapy of gallbladder cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Smart nanodelivery systems targeting tumor-associated macrophage reprogramming to potentiate cancer immunotherapy: pharmacological mechanisms, delivery strategies and translational perspectives.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Single-cell multi-omics in biliary tract cancers: decoding heterogeneity, microenvironment, and treatment strategies.Molecular biomedicine · 2025Review
- Olfactomedin 4 in cancer development and progression.Biochimica et biophysica acta. Reviews on cancer · 2025Review
- HLF transactivatesScience advances · 2025Article
- Progress in understanding the regulatory mechanisms of immune checkpoint proteins PD-1 and PD-L1 expression.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2025Review
- Multi-omic analysis of gallbladder cancer identifies distinct tumor microenvironments associated with disease progression.Nature genetics · 2025Article
- Single-cell analyses unravel ecosystem dynamics and intercellular crosstalk during gallbladder cancer malignant transformation.Hepatology communications · 2025Article
- Igniting Cold Tumors: Multi-Omics-Driven Strategies to Overcome Immune Evasion and Restore Immune Surveillance.Oncology research · 2025Review
- Extracellular matrix remodeling fibroblasts govern the tumor microenvironment disparity between adenomatous lesions and adenocarcinoma in gallbladder.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Advancing biliary tract malignancy treatment: emerging frontiers in cell-based therapies.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- PTBP3 Mediates IL-18 Exon Skipping to Promote Immune Escape in Gallbladder Cancer.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
20 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveElucidating complex ecosystems and molecular features of gallbladder cancer (GBC) and benign gallbladder diseases is pivotal to proactive cancer prevention and optimal therapeutic intervention.
designWe performed single-cell transcriptome analysis on 230 737 cells from 15 GBCs, 4 cholecystitis samples, 3 gallbladder polyps, 5 gallbladder adenomas and 16 adjacent normal tissues. Findings were validated through large-scale histological assays, digital spatial profiler multiplexed immunofluorescence (GeoMx), etc. Further molecular mechanism was demonstrated with
resultsThe cell atlas unveiled an altered immune landscape across different pathological states of gallbladder diseases. GBC featured a more suppressive immune microenvironment with distinct T-cell proliferation patterns and macrophage attributions in different GBC subtypes. Notably, mutual exclusivity between stromal and immune cells was identified and remarkable stromal ecosystem (SC) heterogeneity during GBC progression was unveiled. Specifically, SC1 demonstrated active interaction between Fibro-iCAF and Endo-Tip cells, correlating with poor prognosis. Moreover, epithelium genetic variations within adenocarcinoma (AC) indicated an evolutionary similarity between adenoma and AC. Importantly, our study identified elevated olfactomedin 4 (OLFM4) in epithelial cells as a central player in GBC progression. OLFM4 was related to T-cell malfunction and tumour-associated macrophage infiltration, leading to a worse prognosis in GBC. Further investigations revealed that OLFM4 upregulated programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression through the MAPK-AP1 axis, facilitating tumour cell immune evasion.
conclusionThese findings offer a valuable resource for understanding the pathogenesis of gallbladder diseases and indicate OLFM4 as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for GBC.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.