ArticleJCI insight2024
Modulation of innate immune response to mRNA vaccination after SARS-CoV-2 infection or sequential vaccination in humans.
Article in JCI insight, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed.
- New approach methodologies (NAMs) for preclinical and translational evaluation of mRNA-lipid nanoparticle (LNP) therapeutics.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2026Review
- Review
- AI-driven big data analysis and predictive modeling of infectious disease immunity: from correlates to causal, multiscale understanding.Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
- Seasonal influenza mRNA vaccine induces stronger innate and comparable or better adaptive responses than licensed inactivated vaccines.NPJ vaccines · 2026Article
- Trained Immunity Induced by Vaccines: A Shifting Paradigm for Infant and Adult Immunity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Dose-dependent IFN programs in myeloid cells after mRNA and adenovirus COVID-19 vaccination.JCI insight · 2026Article
- Engineering the poly(A) tail for therapeutic mRNA: from expression control to manufacturing robustness.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Review
- Aging and vaccines: impact of immunosenescence and inflammaging in vaccine response.Frontiers in aging · 2026Review
- The impact of B-cell reconstitution on mRNA vaccine responses in allogeneic stem cell transplant recipients.Clinical & translational immunology · 2026Article
- Signatures of Trained Immunity Following mRNA Vaccination: Differences Between mRNA-1273 and BNT162b2.Journal of clinical immunology · 2025Article
- Dysregulated Resolution of Inflammation After Respiratory Viral Infections: Molecular Pathways Linking Neuroinflammation to Post-Viral Neuropathic Pain-A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Article
- Hepatic Metabolic Dysregulation as a Potential Amplifier of Leukemogenesis Following mRNA Vaccination: A Novel Mechanistic Hypothesis.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Immunogenicity and innate immunity to high-dose and repeated vaccination of modified mRNA versus unmodified mRNA.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2025Article
- Decrypting the Immune Symphony for RNA Vaccines.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Challenges and opportunities in mRNA vaccine development against bacteria.Nature microbiology · 2025Review
- Biochemical and hematological reference intervals in rhesus and cynomolgus macaques and implications for vaccine and drug development.Lab animal · 2025Article
- Real-world feasibility of co-administration of RSV, COVID-19, and influenza vaccines in older adults: a VAERS-based analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- The mRNA component of LNP-mRNA vaccines triggers IFNAR-dependent immune activation which attenuates the adaptive immune response.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- mRNA vaccines for infectious diseases - advances, challenges and opportunities.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
mRNA vaccines are likely to become widely used for the prevention of infectious diseases in the future. Nevertheless, a notable gap exists in mechanistic data, particularly concerning the potential effects of sequential mRNA immunization or preexisting immunity on the early innate immune response triggered by vaccination. In this study, healthy adults, with or without documented prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, were vaccinated with the BNT162b2/Comirnaty mRNA vaccine. Prior infection conferred significantly stronger induction of proinflammatory and type I IFN-related gene signatures, serum cytokines, and monocyte expansion after the prime vaccination. The response to the second vaccination further increased the magnitude of the early innate response in both study groups. The third vaccination did not further increase vaccine-induced inflammation. In vitro stimulation of PBMCs with TLR ligands showed no difference in cytokine responses between groups, or before or after prime vaccination, indicating absence of a trained immunity effect. We observed that levels of preexisting antigen-specific CD4 T cells, antibody, and memory B cells correlated with elements of the early innate response to the first vaccination. Our data thereby indicate that preexisting memory formed by infection may augment the innate immune activation induced by mRNA vaccines.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.