Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38715910›Full record

ReviewJournal of experimental orthopaedics2024

A practical guide to the implementation of artificial intelligence in orthopaedic research-Part 2: A technical introduction.

Bálint Zsidai, Janina Kaarre, Eric Narup, Eric Hamrin Senorski, Ayoosh Pareek, Alberto Grassi, Christophe Ley, Umile Giuseppe Longo, Elmar Herbst, Michael T Hirschmann and 6 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of experimental orthopaedics, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. FDA-Cleared Artificial Intelligence Medical Devices in Orthopaedic Surgery.Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Global research & reviews · 2026
    Article
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Is orthopaedics entering the age of generative AI?-A narrative review of current applications challenges and future directions.Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA · 2026
    Review
  10. Artificial intelligence agents in orthopaedics: Concepts, capabilities and the road ahead.Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA · 2025
    Review
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Achieving high accuracy in meniscus tear detection using advanced deep learning models with a relatively small data set.Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA · 2025
    Article
  18. Review
  19. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Bálint ZsidaiSahlgrenska Sports Medicine Center Gothenburg Sweden.ORCID 0000-0002-5697-6577
Janina KaarreSahlgrenska Sports Medicine Center Gothenburg Sweden.ORCID 0000-0003-2559-8283
Eric NarupSahlgrenska Sports Medicine Center Gothenburg Sweden.
Eric Hamrin SenorskiSahlgrenska Sports Medicine Center Gothenburg Sweden.ORCID 0000-0002-9340-0147
Ayoosh PareekSports and Shoulder Service, Hospital for Special Surgery New York New York USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8683-1697
Alberto GrassiDepartment of Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden.
Christophe LeyDepartment of Mathematics University of Luxembourg Esch-sur-Alzette Luxembourg.
Umile Giuseppe LongoFondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico Rome Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-4063-9821
Elmar HerbstDepartment of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery University Hospital Münster Münster Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-5652-0692
Michael T HirschmannDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Head Knee Surgery and DKF Head of Research Kantonsspital Baselland Bruderholz Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-4014-424X
Sebastian KopfCenter of Orthopaedics and Traumatology University Hospital Brandenburg a.d.H., Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane Brandenburg a.d.H. Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-4373-7144
Romain SeilDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery Luxembourg Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg-Clinique d'Eich Luxembourg Luxembourg.ORCID 0000-0001-8806-9384
Thomas TischerClinic for Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery Erlangen Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-3942-0235
Kristian SamuelssonSahlgrenska Sports Medicine Center Gothenburg Sweden.ORCID 0000-0001-5383-3370
Robert FeldtDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering Chalmers University of Technology Gothenburg Sweden.ORCID 0000-0002-5179-4205
ESSKA Artificial Intelligence Working Group

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) present a broad range of possibilities in medical research. However, orthopaedic researchers aiming to participate in research projects implementing AI-based techniques require a sound understanding of the technical fundamentals of this rapidly developing field. Initial sections of this technical primer provide an overview of the general and the more detailed taxonomy of AI methods. Researchers are presented with the technical basics of the most frequently performed machine learning (ML) tasks, such as classification, regression, clustering and dimensionality reduction. Additionally, the spectrum of supervision in ML including the domains of supervised, unsupervised, semisupervised and self-supervised learning will be explored. Recent advances in neural networks (NNs) and deep learning (DL) architectures have rendered them essential tools for the analysis of complex medical data, which warrants a rudimentary technical introduction to orthopaedic researchers. Furthermore, the capability of natural language processing (NLP) to interpret patterns in human language is discussed and may offer several potential applications in medical text classification, patient sentiment analysis and clinical decision support. The technical discussion concludes with the transformative potential of generative AI and large language models (LLMs) on AI research. Consequently, this second article of the series aims to equip orthopaedic researchers with the fundamental technical knowledge required to engage in interdisciplinary collaboration in AI-driven orthopaedic research. Level of Evidence: Level IV.

Indexed as

artificial intelligencemachine learningorthopaedicsresearch methodssports medicine

Identifiers

PMID38715910
PMCPMC11076014

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.