Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38707341›Full record

ArticleHeliyon2024

Spatial analysis of leachate penetration at Lemna dumpsite, Calabar: Implications for sustainable waste management in Cross River State.

E I Igelle, P O Phil-Eze, O O Akim, H I Kanu, I C Ekowk, J W Atsa, P A Ojugbo, J S Okputu, Kamal Abdelrahman, S E Ekwok and 2 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Heliyon, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

E I IgelleDepartment of Environmental Resource Management, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, University of Calabar, PMB 1115, Calabar, Nigeria.
P O Phil-EzeDepartment of Geography, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Nigeria, Postal Code, 410002, Nsukka, Nigeria.
O O AkimEnvironmental Sciences, School of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of Gambia, POBox, 3530, Brikama, Serekunda, Gambia.
H I KanuDepartment of Architecture, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, University of Calabar, PMB 1115, Calabar, Nigeria.
I C EkowkDepartment of Geography and Environmental Science, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, PMB 1115State, Nigeria.
J W AtsaDepartment of Environmental Resource Management, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, University of Calabar, PMB 1115, Calabar, Nigeria.
P A OjugboDepartment of Environmental Resource Management, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, University of Calabar, PMB 1115, Calabar, Nigeria.
J S OkputuDepartment of Environmental Resource Management, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, University of Calabar, PMB 1115, Calabar, Nigeria.
Kamal AbdelrahmanDepartment of Geology and Geophysics, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
S E EkwokApplied Geophysics Programme, Department of Physics, University of Calabar, Calabar, PMB 1115, Cross River -State, Nigeria.
P AndrášFaculty of Natural Sciences, Matej Bel University in Banska Bystrica, Tajovského 40, 974 01, Banska Bystrica, Slovakia.
Ahmed M EldosoukyDepartment of Geology, Faculty of Science, Suez University. P.O. Box: 43221, Suez, Egypt.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study rigorously investigated the spatial analysis of leachate penetration at Lemna dumpsite, located in Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria. Purposeful soil sampling, performed at specific intervals (5 m, 25 m, and 50 m) along the Electrical Resistivity profile line within the dumpsite, was augmented by water sample collection from five boreholes near Lemna dumpsite. Utilizing Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) and Vertical Electric Sounding (VES) survey techniques, resistivity data were systematically gathered to comprehensively analyze the Leachate Penetration in the Lemna dumpsite. Laboratory analysis of soil and borehole water quality focused on Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, and Xylene (BTEX), with paired sample t-tests applied for statistical scrutiny. Analyzing the ERT and VES data employed sophisticated techniques embedded in Resistivity Two Dimension Invasion software and Advanced Geosciences Incorporation Earth Imager software. Substantial disparities (p < 0.05) emerged in the paired sample t-tests for BTEX in soil compared to National Environmental Standard Regulation and Enforcement Agency (NESREA) limits. Similarly, BTEX in borehole water displayed significant differences (p < 0.05) when compared to World Health Organization (WHO) standards, raising alarming concerns about the safety and portability of groundwater in the area. The examination of dumpsite leachate penetration revealed a resistivity anomaly of 8.01 Ωm and an inverse depth of 12.4 m, underscoring profound environmental implications and necessitating immediate remediation efforts. Additionally, Vulnerability and Aquifer Protective Capacity Index (VES) results, with a rating of <0.1, indicated severely compromised aquifer protective capacity, emphasizing the vulnerability of groundwater resources to further contamination. Our study advocates for strategic management, remediation, and monitoring measures to prevent contamination and safeguard water quality in the region.

Indexed as

Borehole waterLeachate penetrationLemna dumpsiteSoilSpatial analysis

Identifiers

PMID38707341
PMCPMC11068643

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.