ArticleFrontiers in public health2024
Pulmonary tuberculosis epidemiology and genetics in Kazakhstan.
Article in Frontiers in public health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Association of vitamin D receptorJournal of clinical tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases · 2026Article
- Rates and risk factors of monoresistance against isoniazid and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Almaty, Kazakhstan.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Epidemiological analysis and risk factors of recurrent pulmonary tuberculosis in Western Zhejiang Province, China (2007-2024).Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Risk Factors for Treatment Failure of Drug-Susceptible Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Lithuania over 22 Years.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Tuberculosis treatment failure: what are the risk factors? A comprehensive literature review.Multidisciplinary respiratory medicine · 2025Article
- Higher prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis revealed by Xpert MTB/RIF ultra among drug users in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
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Abstract
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health emergency in many countries, including Kazakhstan. Despite the decline in the incidence rate and having one of the highest treatment effectiveness in the world, the incidence rate of TB remains high in Kazakhstan. Social and environmental factors along with host genetics contribute to pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) incidence. Due to the high incidence rate of TB in Kazakhstan, our research aimed to study the epidemiology and genetics of PTB in Kazakhstan. Materials and methods: 1,555 participants were recruited to the case-control study. The epidemiology data was taken during an interview. Polymorphisms of selected genes were determined by real-time PCR using pre-designed TaqMan probes. Results: Epidemiological risk factors like diabetes ( Conclusion: This is the first study that evaluated the epidemiology and genetics of PTB in Kazakhstan on a relatively large cohort. Social and environmental risk factors play a crucial role in TB incidence in Kazakhstan. Underweight BMI (<18.49 kg/m2), diabetes, and unemployment showed a statistically significant association with PTB in our study group. FokI (rs2228570) and BsmI (rs1544410) polymorphisms of the VDR gene can be used as possible biomarkers of PTB in Asian males. rs2278589 polymorphism of the MARCO gene may act as a potential biomarker of PTB in Kazakhs. BsmI polymorphism of the VDR gene and rs2278589 polymorphism of the MARCO gene can be used as possible biomarkers of PTB risk in Asian females as well as VDR ApaI polymorphism in Caucasians.
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