ArticleThe ocular surface2024
Effects of age on lacrimal gland bioactive lipids.
Article in The ocular surface, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Review
- Activation of PPARγ Attenuates Age-Related Lacrimal Gland Dysfunction by Alleviating Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Mediated Ferroptosis.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- Elucidation of a potent pro-resolving mediator of inflammation resolution via human neutrophil-vascular endothelial cell interactions.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Electroacupuncture Ameliorates Scopolamine-Induced Dry Eye Disease in Mice by Restoring Lacrimal Gland Lipid Homeostasis and Reducing IL-1β/IL-18 Expression.Journal of immunology research · 2026Article
- Aging Affects Lipid Homeostasis in Lacrimal Glands by Upregulating Lipogenesis and Changing Its Specificity.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Plin2 Coordinates Immune and Metabolic Reprogramming in Lacrimal Gland Aging.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Advanced Biomaterials for Lacrimal Tissue Engineering: A Review.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposePolyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are a source of bioactive lipids regulating inflammation and its resolution.
methodsChanges in PUFA metabolism were compared between lacrimal glands (LGs) from young and aged C57BL/6 J mice using a targeted lipidomics assay, as was the gene expression of enzymes involved in the metabolism of these lipids.
resultsGlobal reduction in PUFAs and their metabolites was observed in aged LGs compared to young controls, averaging between 25 and 66 % across all analytes. ꞷ-6 arachidonic acid (AA) metabolites were all reduced in aged LGs, where the changes in prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and lipoxin A4 (LXA4) were statistically significant. Several other 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) mediated metabolites were significantly reduced in the aged LGs, including D-series resolvins (e.g., RvD4, RvD5, and RvD6). Along with the RvDs, several ꞷ-3 docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) metabolites such as 14-HDHA, neuroprotectin D1 (NPD1), Maresin 2 (MaR2), and MaR 1 metabolite (22-COOH-MaR1) were significantly reduced in aged LGs. Similarly, ꞷ-3 eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and its metabolites were significantly reduced in aged LGs, where the most significantly reduced was 18-HEPE. Using metabolite ratios (product:precursor) for specific metabolic conversions as surrogate enzymatic measures, reduced 12-LOX activity was identified in aged LGs.
conclusionIn this study, global reduction of PUFAs and their metabolites was found in the LGs of aged female C57BL/6 J compared to young controls. A consistent reduction was observed across all detected lipid analytes except for ꞷ-3 docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) and its special pro-resolving mediator (SPM) metabolites in aged mice, suggesting an increased risk for LG inflammation.
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