ArticleBMC public health2024
The longitudinal associations between ambient air pollution exposure and dementia in the UK: results from the cognitive function and ageing study II and Wales.
Article in BMC public health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- A meta-analytical umbrella review assessing urban environment exposures and cognitive health outcomes.Age and ageing · 2026Pooled it
- Environmental Pollution, Biomarkers, and Dementia: An Evidence Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Air pollution and cognitive outcomes in older adults: a systematic review.Reviews on environmental health · 2026Review
- From cradle to cortex: An exposome- and equity-centered perspective of neurocognitive aging and dementia risk in the era of climate change.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Review
- Neighborhood environments and transition to cognitive states: Sydney Memory and Ageing Study.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Article
- Persistent Changes in Hormones and Growth Factors Involved in Ageing in Patients That Recovered from Severe COVID-19.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Respiratory and physical health consequences in older adults in a high-risk volcanic area: Comparison of two rural villages.PloS one · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAir pollution has been recognised as a potential risk factor for dementia. Yet recent epidemiological research shows mixed evidence. The aim of this study is to investigate the longitudinal associations between ambient air pollution exposure and dementia in older people across five urban and rural areas in the UK.
methodsThis study was based on two population-based cohort studies of 11329 people aged ≥ 65 in the Cognitive Function and Ageing Study II (2008-2011) and Wales (2011-2013). An algorithmic diagnosis method was used to identify dementia cases. Annual concentrations of four air pollutants (NO
resultsHigher exposure levels of NO
conclusionsIn contrast to the literature, this study did not find clear associations between air pollution and dementia. Future research needs to investigate how methodological and contextual factors can affect evidence in this field and clarity the influence of air pollution exposure on cognitive health over the lifecourse.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.