ReviewNeurology. Clinical practice2024
Diagnosis and Treatment of Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension: Role of Epidural Blood Patching.
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Review in Neurology. Clinical practice, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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20citing papers in PubMed
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What it found
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed.
- Development and Preliminary Validation of a Risk Assessment Tool for Subdural Hematoma in Patients with Intracranial Hypotension.Neurocritical care · 2026Article
- Ten-year spontaneous intracranial hypotension with acquired tonsillar descent and syringomyelia from a T3-4 ventral dural defect: importance of digital subtraction myelography localization and role of direct repair. Illustrative case.Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons · 2026Article
- Automated Aqueductal CSF Flow Analysis in Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension: Hemodynamic Quantification and Exploratory Waveform Morphology Assessment Using Cine PC-MRI.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Non-targeted thoracic epidural blood patch for spontaneous intracranial hypotension complicated by bilateral subdural haemorrhages in a patient with end-stage renal failure: case based review.Irish journal of medical science · 2026Review
- Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension: A Tertiary Care Experience.Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology · 2026Article
- Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension and CSF-Venous Fistulae: from Diagnostic Imaging to Interventional Management.Clinical neuroradiology · 2026Review
- Resolution of pachymeningeal enhancement is a radiographic marker for effective treatment of spontaneous intracranial hypotension: patient series.Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons · 2026Article
- Recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of spontaneous intracranial hypotension.La Radiologia medica · 2026Review
- Seizure following epidural blood patch in spontaneous intracranial hypotension complicated by subdural hematoma: Illustrated case and literature review.Surgical neurology international · 2026Article
- Idiopathic CSF dynamic disturbances causing headache: a narrative review.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025Review
- Standardized spinal MRI protocol: diagnosing spontaneous intracranial hypotension and correlating with brain MRI.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2025Article
- Paroxysmal Neurology: a Guide to Diagnosing Transient Neurologic Dysfunction in Adults and Adolescents.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2025Review
- Epidural blood patch for cerebrospinal fluid leak-induced subdural hematoma in a pediatric patient: illustrative case.Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons · 2025Article
- Patterns of Epidural Patch Distribution: The Influence of Spinal Level, Injection Technique, and Patch Volume/Composition on Craniocaudal and Ventral Epidural Dispersion.AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology · 2025Article
- Percutaneous CT-guided Onyx embolization of CSF-venous fistula: illustrative case.Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons · 2025Article
- Assessing the effects of spontaneous intracranial hypotension on quality of life, work ability and disability.Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2025Article
- Long-Term Headache Outcome and Radiological Correlates in Patients With Intracranial Hypotension.European journal of neurology · 2025Article
- Bilateral Subdural Hematoma Caused by Cervical Traction.Clinical medicine insights. Case reports · 2025Article
- Neuraxial biomechanics, fluid dynamics, and myodural regulation: rethinking management of hypermobility and CNS disorders.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Review
- Movement Disorders in Brain Sagging Syndrome Due To Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension: A Review.Tremor and other hyperkinetic movements (New York, N.Y.) · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors.
Andrew L CallenDepartment of Radiology (ALC), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver; Yellow Rose Headache and Neurology-Ophthalmology (DIF), Dallas, TX; Department of Neurology (SP), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Bob Bove Neuroscience Institute (JCR), HonorHealth Neurology, Scottsdale, AZ; Department of Neurosurgery (WIS), Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Beverly Hills, CA; Department of Neurology (JKC-G), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Radiology (TJA), Duke University, Durham, NC; Department of Anesthesia (EH), UCSF, San Francisco, CA; Departments of Neurology (RPC, MJB) and Anesthesiology (JMH, IC), Stanford University, Stanford, CA; Opos Solutions (TJ), San Mateo, CA; and Spinal CSF Leak Foundation (CD, AJB), Spokane, WA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2315-7767
Deborah I FriedmanDepartment of Radiology (ALC), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver; Yellow Rose Headache and Neurology-Ophthalmology (DIF), Dallas, TX; Department of Neurology (SP), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Bob Bove Neuroscience Institute (JCR), HonorHealth Neurology, Scottsdale, AZ; Department of Neurosurgery (WIS), Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Beverly Hills, CA; Department of Neurology (JKC-G), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Radiology (TJA), Duke University, Durham, NC; Department of Anesthesia (EH), UCSF, San Francisco, CA; Departments of Neurology (RPC, MJB) and Anesthesiology (JMH, IC), Stanford University, Stanford, CA; Opos Solutions (TJ), San Mateo, CA; and Spinal CSF Leak Foundation (CD, AJB), Spokane, WA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6652-6158
Simy ParikhDepartment of Radiology (ALC), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver; Yellow Rose Headache and Neurology-Ophthalmology (DIF), Dallas, TX; Department of Neurology (SP), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Bob Bove Neuroscience Institute (JCR), HonorHealth Neurology, Scottsdale, AZ; Department of Neurosurgery (WIS), Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Beverly Hills, CA; Department of Neurology (JKC-G), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Radiology (TJA), Duke University, Durham, NC; Department of Anesthesia (EH), UCSF, San Francisco, CA; Departments of Neurology (RPC, MJB) and Anesthesiology (JMH, IC), Stanford University, Stanford, CA; Opos Solutions (TJ), San Mateo, CA; and Spinal CSF Leak Foundation (CD, AJB), Spokane, WA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9877-6787
Jill C RauDepartment of Radiology (ALC), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver; Yellow Rose Headache and Neurology-Ophthalmology (DIF), Dallas, TX; Department of Neurology (SP), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Bob Bove Neuroscience Institute (JCR), HonorHealth Neurology, Scottsdale, AZ; Department of Neurosurgery (WIS), Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Beverly Hills, CA; Department of Neurology (JKC-G), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Radiology (TJA), Duke University, Durham, NC; Department of Anesthesia (EH), UCSF, San Francisco, CA; Departments of Neurology (RPC, MJB) and Anesthesiology (JMH, IC), Stanford University, Stanford, CA; Opos Solutions (TJ), San Mateo, CA; and Spinal CSF Leak Foundation (CD, AJB), Spokane, WA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9580-0717
Wouter I SchievinkDepartment of Radiology (ALC), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver; Yellow Rose Headache and Neurology-Ophthalmology (DIF), Dallas, TX; Department of Neurology (SP), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Bob Bove Neuroscience Institute (JCR), HonorHealth Neurology, Scottsdale, AZ; Department of Neurosurgery (WIS), Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Beverly Hills, CA; Department of Neurology (JKC-G), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Radiology (TJA), Duke University, Durham, NC; Department of Anesthesia (EH), UCSF, San Francisco, CA; Departments of Neurology (RPC, MJB) and Anesthesiology (JMH, IC), Stanford University, Stanford, CA; Opos Solutions (TJ), San Mateo, CA; and Spinal CSF Leak Foundation (CD, AJB), Spokane, WA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5494-0688
Jeremy K Cutsforth-GregoryDepartment of Radiology (ALC), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver; Yellow Rose Headache and Neurology-Ophthalmology (DIF), Dallas, TX; Department of Neurology (SP), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Bob Bove Neuroscience Institute (JCR), HonorHealth Neurology, Scottsdale, AZ; Department of Neurosurgery (WIS), Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Beverly Hills, CA; Department of Neurology (JKC-G), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Radiology (TJA), Duke University, Durham, NC; Department of Anesthesia (EH), UCSF, San Francisco, CA; Departments of Neurology (RPC, MJB) and Anesthesiology (JMH, IC), Stanford University, Stanford, CA; Opos Solutions (TJ), San Mateo, CA; and Spinal CSF Leak Foundation (CD, AJB), Spokane, WA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5689-4424
Timothy J AmrheinDepartment of Radiology (ALC), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver; Yellow Rose Headache and Neurology-Ophthalmology (DIF), Dallas, TX; Department of Neurology (SP), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Bob Bove Neuroscience Institute (JCR), HonorHealth Neurology, Scottsdale, AZ; Department of Neurosurgery (WIS), Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Beverly Hills, CA; Department of Neurology (JKC-G), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Radiology (TJA), Duke University, Durham, NC; Department of Anesthesia (EH), UCSF, San Francisco, CA; Departments of Neurology (RPC, MJB) and Anesthesiology (JMH, IC), Stanford University, Stanford, CA; Opos Solutions (TJ), San Mateo, CA; and Spinal CSF Leak Foundation (CD, AJB), Spokane, WA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9354-9486
Elena HaightDepartment of Radiology (ALC), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver; Yellow Rose Headache and Neurology-Ophthalmology (DIF), Dallas, TX; Department of Neurology (SP), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Bob Bove Neuroscience Institute (JCR), HonorHealth Neurology, Scottsdale, AZ; Department of Neurosurgery (WIS), Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Beverly Hills, CA; Department of Neurology (JKC-G), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Radiology (TJA), Duke University, Durham, NC; Department of Anesthesia (EH), UCSF, San Francisco, CA; Departments of Neurology (RPC, MJB) and Anesthesiology (JMH, IC), Stanford University, Stanford, CA; Opos Solutions (TJ), San Mateo, CA; and Spinal CSF Leak Foundation (CD, AJB), Spokane, WA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3463-0591
Robert P CowanDepartment of Radiology (ALC), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver; Yellow Rose Headache and Neurology-Ophthalmology (DIF), Dallas, TX; Department of Neurology (SP), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Bob Bove Neuroscience Institute (JCR), HonorHealth Neurology, Scottsdale, AZ; Department of Neurosurgery (WIS), Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Beverly Hills, CA; Department of Neurology (JKC-G), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Radiology (TJA), Duke University, Durham, NC; Department of Anesthesia (EH), UCSF, San Francisco, CA; Departments of Neurology (RPC, MJB) and Anesthesiology (JMH, IC), Stanford University, Stanford, CA; Opos Solutions (TJ), San Mateo, CA; and Spinal CSF Leak Foundation (CD, AJB), Spokane, WA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6868-0108
Meredith J BaradDepartment of Radiology (ALC), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver; Yellow Rose Headache and Neurology-Ophthalmology (DIF), Dallas, TX; Department of Neurology (SP), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Bob Bove Neuroscience Institute (JCR), HonorHealth Neurology, Scottsdale, AZ; Department of Neurosurgery (WIS), Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Beverly Hills, CA; Department of Neurology (JKC-G), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Radiology (TJA), Duke University, Durham, NC; Department of Anesthesia (EH), UCSF, San Francisco, CA; Departments of Neurology (RPC, MJB) and Anesthesiology (JMH, IC), Stanford University, Stanford, CA; Opos Solutions (TJ), San Mateo, CA; and Spinal CSF Leak Foundation (CD, AJB), Spokane, WA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3182-7030
Jennifer M HahDepartment of Radiology (ALC), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver; Yellow Rose Headache and Neurology-Ophthalmology (DIF), Dallas, TX; Department of Neurology (SP), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Bob Bove Neuroscience Institute (JCR), HonorHealth Neurology, Scottsdale, AZ; Department of Neurosurgery (WIS), Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Beverly Hills, CA; Department of Neurology (JKC-G), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Radiology (TJA), Duke University, Durham, NC; Department of Anesthesia (EH), UCSF, San Francisco, CA; Departments of Neurology (RPC, MJB) and Anesthesiology (JMH, IC), Stanford University, Stanford, CA; Opos Solutions (TJ), San Mateo, CA; and Spinal CSF Leak Foundation (CD, AJB), Spokane, WA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9739-3968
Tracy JacksonDepartment of Radiology (ALC), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver; Yellow Rose Headache and Neurology-Ophthalmology (DIF), Dallas, TX; Department of Neurology (SP), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Bob Bove Neuroscience Institute (JCR), HonorHealth Neurology, Scottsdale, AZ; Department of Neurosurgery (WIS), Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Beverly Hills, CA; Department of Neurology (JKC-G), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Radiology (TJA), Duke University, Durham, NC; Department of Anesthesia (EH), UCSF, San Francisco, CA; Departments of Neurology (RPC, MJB) and Anesthesiology (JMH, IC), Stanford University, Stanford, CA; Opos Solutions (TJ), San Mateo, CA; and Spinal CSF Leak Foundation (CD, AJB), Spokane, WA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1698-6711
Connie DelineDepartment of Radiology (ALC), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver; Yellow Rose Headache and Neurology-Ophthalmology (DIF), Dallas, TX; Department of Neurology (SP), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Bob Bove Neuroscience Institute (JCR), HonorHealth Neurology, Scottsdale, AZ; Department of Neurosurgery (WIS), Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Beverly Hills, CA; Department of Neurology (JKC-G), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Radiology (TJA), Duke University, Durham, NC; Department of Anesthesia (EH), UCSF, San Francisco, CA; Departments of Neurology (RPC, MJB) and Anesthesiology (JMH, IC), Stanford University, Stanford, CA; Opos Solutions (TJ), San Mateo, CA; and Spinal CSF Leak Foundation (CD, AJB), Spokane, WA.
Andrea J BuchananDepartment of Radiology (ALC), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver; Yellow Rose Headache and Neurology-Ophthalmology (DIF), Dallas, TX; Department of Neurology (SP), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Bob Bove Neuroscience Institute (JCR), HonorHealth Neurology, Scottsdale, AZ; Department of Neurosurgery (WIS), Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Beverly Hills, CA; Department of Neurology (JKC-G), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Radiology (TJA), Duke University, Durham, NC; Department of Anesthesia (EH), UCSF, San Francisco, CA; Departments of Neurology (RPC, MJB) and Anesthesiology (JMH, IC), Stanford University, Stanford, CA; Opos Solutions (TJ), San Mateo, CA; and Spinal CSF Leak Foundation (CD, AJB), Spokane, WA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6015-9733
Ian CarrollDepartment of Radiology (ALC), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver; Yellow Rose Headache and Neurology-Ophthalmology (DIF), Dallas, TX; Department of Neurology (SP), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Bob Bove Neuroscience Institute (JCR), HonorHealth Neurology, Scottsdale, AZ; Department of Neurosurgery (WIS), Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Beverly Hills, CA; Department of Neurology (JKC-G), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Radiology (TJA), Duke University, Durham, NC; Department of Anesthesia (EH), UCSF, San Francisco, CA; Departments of Neurology (RPC, MJB) and Anesthesiology (JMH, IC), Stanford University, Stanford, CA; Opos Solutions (TJ), San Mateo, CA; and Spinal CSF Leak Foundation (CD, AJB), Spokane, WA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4777-4834
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Purpose of Review: This review focuses on the challenges of diagnosing and treating spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH), a condition caused by spinal CSF leakage. It emphasizes the need for increased awareness and advocates for early and thoughtful use of empirical epidural blood patches (EBPs) in suspected cases. Recent Findings: SIH diagnosis is hindered by variable symptoms and inconsistent imaging results, including normal brain MRI and unreliable spinal opening pressures. It is crucial to consider SIH in differential diagnoses, especially in patients with connective tissue disorders. Early EBP intervention is shown to improve outcomes. Summary: SIH remains underdiagnosed and undertreated, requiring heightened awareness and understanding. This review promotes proactive EBP use in managing suspected SIH and calls for continued research to advance diagnostic and treatment methods, emphasizing the need for innovative imaging techniques for accurate diagnosis and timely intervention.
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