ArticleOpen forum infectious diseases2024
Rural-urban Differences in Long-term Mortality and Readmission Following COVID-19 Hospitalization, 2020 to 2023.
Article in Open forum infectious diseases, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Socioeconomic and Regional Disparities in Long-Term Mortality Among Intensive Care Unit Survivors in South Korea: Nationwide Cohort Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2026Article
- Regional Variations in Guideline Concordance for Women with Triple-Negative and HER2+ Breast Cancer in Nova Scotia.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2026Article
- Inequalities and changes in mortality from leading causes in pre-pandemic and during COVID-19 pandemic in Lithuania.Population health metrics · 2026Article
- Machine learning models predicting inpatient falls.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Dissecting Sex-Specific Pathology in K18-hACE2 Transgenic Mice Infected With Different SARS-CoV-2 Variants.Journal of medical virology · 2025Article
- Machine Learning-Based Quantification of Lateral Flow Assay Using Smartphone-Captured Images.Biosensors · 2025Article
- Sociodemographic and Clinical Factors Associated with COVID-19 Mortality in India: a Retrospective Study.Acta informatica medica : AIM : journal of the Society for Medical Informatics of Bosnia & Herzegovina : casopis Drustva za medicinsku informatiku BiH · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Background: We compared long-term mortality and readmission rates after COVID-19 hospitalization based on rural-urban status and assessed the impact of COVID-19 vaccination introduction on clinical outcomes by rurality. Methods: The study comprised adults hospitalized for COVID-19 at 17 hospitals in 4 US states between March 2020 and July 2022, followed until May 2023. The main analysis included all patients, whereas a sensitivity analysis focused on residents from 4 states containing 17 hospitals. Additional analyses compared the pre- and postvaccination periods. Results: The main analysis involved 9325 COVID-19 hospitalized patients: 31% were from 187 rural counties in 31 states; 69% from 234 urban counties in 44 states; the mean age was 65 years (rural, 66 years; urban, 64 years); 3894 women (rural, 41%; urban, 42%); 8007 Whites (rural, 87%; urban, 83%); 1738 deaths (rural, 21%; urban, 17%); and 2729 readmissions (rural, 30%; urban, 29%). During a median follow-up of 602 days, rural residence was associated with a 22% higher all-cause mortality (log-rank, Conclusions and Relevance: Patients from rural counties experienced higher mortality and tended to be readmitted more frequently following COVID-19 hospitalization over the long term compared with those from urban counties, a difference that remained even after the introduction of COVID-19 vaccines.
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