Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38698355›Full record

Trial reportBMC primary care2024

Self-initiated lifestyle changes during a fasting-mimicking diet programme in patients with type 2 diabetes: a mixed-methods study.

Elske L van den Burg, Marjolein P Schoonakker, Bregje Korpershoek, Lara E Sommeling, Carlijn A Sturm, Hildo J Lamb, Hanno Pijl, Mattijs E Numans, Marieke A Adriaanse, Petra G van Peet

Registry-linked trialAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in BMC primary care, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03811587 (Clinical Feasibility and Efficacy of Intermittent Use of a Fasting Mimicking Diet in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes), which is not on this map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03811587 nacompletednot on this map

Clinical Feasibility and Efficacy of Intermittent Use of a Fasting Mimicking Diet in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes

TypeinterventionalSponsorLeiden University Medical CenterRan2018 to 2021Enrolled100ConditionsDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2ArmsFasting Mimicking diet
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Elske L van den BurgDepartment of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Centre (LUMC), Postzone V0-P, Postbus 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands. e.l.van_den_burg@lumc.nl.
Marjolein P SchoonakkerDepartment of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Centre (LUMC), Postzone V0-P, Postbus 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Bregje KorpershoekDepartment of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Centre (LUMC), Postzone V0-P, Postbus 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Lara E SommelingDepartment of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Centre (LUMC), Postzone V0-P, Postbus 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Carlijn A SturmDepartment of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Centre (LUMC), Postzone V0-P, Postbus 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Hildo J LambDepartment of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Centre (LUMC), Leiden, The Netherlands.
Hanno PijlDepartment of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Centre (LUMC), Postzone V0-P, Postbus 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Mattijs E NumansDepartment of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Centre (LUMC), Postzone V0-P, Postbus 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Marieke A AdriaanseDepartment of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Centre (LUMC), Postzone V0-P, Postbus 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Petra G van PeetDepartment of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Centre (LUMC), Postzone V0-P, Postbus 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundLifestyle changes, especially regarding diet quality and physical activity, are important in the management of type 2 diabetes (T2D). This mixed-methods study explores self-initiated lifestyle changes in patients with T2D who followed a periodic fasting-mimicking diet (FMD).

methodsQuantitative data were obtained from the Fasting In diabetes Treatment trial (November 2018 to August 2021) in which 100 participants with T2D, using metformin only or no medication, were randomised to receive a monthly 5-day FMD for twelve months next to usual care, or usual care only. Diet quality and physical activity questionnaires were completed at baseline, six and twelve months. Changes over time were analysed using linear mixed models. Focus groups were organized with FMD participants to explore experiences regarding self-initiated lifestyle changes. The qualitative data was analysed using the Theoretical Domains Framework.

resultsQuestionnaires were available from 49 FMD participants and 43 controls. No differences in diet quality were found. Total physical activity in the FMD participants changed from 34.6 to 38.5 h per week (h/wk) from baseline to twelve months, while in controls it changed from 34.9 to 29.0 h/wk (between group difference, p = 0.03). In six focus groups with FMD participants (n = 20), individual participants perceived the FMD as an encouragement for (minor) lifestyle changes. There were no barriers to behaviour change related to the FMD. Important facilitators of healthy behaviour were an increase in awareness of the impact of lifestyle on health (knowledge), better physical fitness (physical) and health improvement (reinforcement). Facilitators unrelated to the FMD included family support (social influences) and opportunities in the neighbourhood (environmental context and resources), while barriers unrelated to the FMD were experiencing health problems (physical) and social events (social influences).

conclusionsUsing an FMD for five consecutive days per month did not affect diet quality in between FMD periods in quantitative analysis, but increased the number of hours per week spent on physical activity. Qualitative analysis revealed self-initiated improvements in both diet quality and physical activity in individual participants using an FMD. Healthcare professionals could use an FMD programme as a 'teachable moment' to stimulate additional lifestyle changes.

trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov; NCT03811587. Registered 22 January 2019.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2ExerciseFastingAgedDietFemaleFocus GroupsHumansHypoglycemic AgentsLife StyleMaleMetforminMiddle AgedSurveys and QuestionnairesHypoglycemic AgentsMetforminDietDietary behaviourFasting-mimicking dietIntermittent energy restrictionMixed-methodsPeriodic fastingPhysical activitySelf-initiated behavioural changeType 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID38698355
PMCPMC11067095

What OpenQuestion holds

Texttitle and abstract
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.