Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38696733›Full record

ArticleNeurology2024

Herpes Simplex Virus Encephalitis in Patients With Autoimmune Conditions or Exposure to Immunomodulatory Medications.

Alice Tang, Kazuki Yoshida, Hannah Lahey, Douglas R Wilcox, Hongshu Guan, Karen Costenbader, Daniel Solomon, Edison K Miyawaki, Shamik Bhattacharyya

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Neurology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Alice TangFrom the Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity (K.Y., H.G., K.C., D.S.), and Department of Neurology (A.T., D.R.W., E.K.M., S.B.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Frank H. Netter MD School of Medicine at Quinnipiac University (H.L.), North Haven, CT; and Department of Neurology, Neuroimmunology and Neuro-Infectious Diseases Division (D.R.W.), Massachusetts General Hospital.
Kazuki YoshidaFrom the Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity (K.Y., H.G., K.C., D.S.), and Department of Neurology (A.T., D.R.W., E.K.M., S.B.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Frank H. Netter MD School of Medicine at Quinnipiac University (H.L.), North Haven, CT; and Department of Neurology, Neuroimmunology and Neuro-Infectious Diseases Division (D.R.W.), Massachusetts General Hospital.
Hannah LaheyFrom the Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity (K.Y., H.G., K.C., D.S.), and Department of Neurology (A.T., D.R.W., E.K.M., S.B.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Frank H. Netter MD School of Medicine at Quinnipiac University (H.L.), North Haven, CT; and Department of Neurology, Neuroimmunology and Neuro-Infectious Diseases Division (D.R.W.), Massachusetts General Hospital.
Douglas R WilcoxFrom the Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity (K.Y., H.G., K.C., D.S.), and Department of Neurology (A.T., D.R.W., E.K.M., S.B.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Frank H. Netter MD School of Medicine at Quinnipiac University (H.L.), North Haven, CT; and Department of Neurology, Neuroimmunology and Neuro-Infectious Diseases Division (D.R.W.), Massachusetts General Hospital.
Hongshu GuanFrom the Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity (K.Y., H.G., K.C., D.S.), and Department of Neurology (A.T., D.R.W., E.K.M., S.B.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Frank H. Netter MD School of Medicine at Quinnipiac University (H.L.), North Haven, CT; and Department of Neurology, Neuroimmunology and Neuro-Infectious Diseases Division (D.R.W.), Massachusetts General Hospital.
Karen CostenbaderFrom the Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity (K.Y., H.G., K.C., D.S.), and Department of Neurology (A.T., D.R.W., E.K.M., S.B.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Frank H. Netter MD School of Medicine at Quinnipiac University (H.L.), North Haven, CT; and Department of Neurology, Neuroimmunology and Neuro-Infectious Diseases Division (D.R.W.), Massachusetts General Hospital.
Daniel SolomonFrom the Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity (K.Y., H.G., K.C., D.S.), and Department of Neurology (A.T., D.R.W., E.K.M., S.B.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Frank H. Netter MD School of Medicine at Quinnipiac University (H.L.), North Haven, CT; and Department of Neurology, Neuroimmunology and Neuro-Infectious Diseases Division (D.R.W.), Massachusetts General Hospital.
Edison K MiyawakiFrom the Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity (K.Y., H.G., K.C., D.S.), and Department of Neurology (A.T., D.R.W., E.K.M., S.B.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Frank H. Netter MD School of Medicine at Quinnipiac University (H.L.), North Haven, CT; and Department of Neurology, Neuroimmunology and Neuro-Infectious Diseases Division (D.R.W.), Massachusetts General Hospital.
Shamik BhattacharyyaFrom the Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity (K.Y., H.G., K.C., D.S.), and Department of Neurology (A.T., D.R.W., E.K.M., S.B.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Frank H. Netter MD School of Medicine at Quinnipiac University (H.L.), North Haven, CT; and Department of Neurology, Neuroimmunology and Neuro-Infectious Diseases Division (D.R.W.), Massachusetts General Hospital.

Funding

Cardiovascular Disease Epidemiology in Patients with LupusK24AR066109 · NIAMS · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI COSTENBADER, KAREN H · 2014 to 2023
$1.7M
NIAMS NIH HHS K24 AR066109
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

objectivesAmong infectious etiologies of encephalitis, herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is most common, accounting for ∼15%-40% of adult encephalitis diagnoses. We aim to investigate the association between immune status and HSV encephalitis (HSVE). Using a US Medicaid database of 75.6 million persons, we evaluated the association between HSVE and autoimmune conditions, exposure to immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory medications, and other medical comorbidities.

methodsWe used the US Medicaid Analytic eXtract data between 2007 and 2010 from the 29 most populated American states. We first examined the crude incidence of HSVE in the population. We then age and sex-matched adult cases of HSVE with a sufficient enrollment period (12 months before HSVE diagnosis) to a larger control population without HSVE. In a case-control analysis, we examined the association between HSVE and exposure to both autoimmune disease and immunosuppressive/immunomodulatory medications. Analyses were conducted with conditional logistic regression progressively adjusting for sociodemographic factors, Charlson Comorbidity Index, and non-autoimmune comorbidities.

resultsIncidence of HSVE was ∼3.01 per 10 DISCUSSION: In a large, national population, HSVE is strongly associated with preexisting autoimmune disease and exposure to immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory medications. The role of antecedent immune-related dysregulation may have been underestimated to date.

Indexed as

Autoimmune DiseasesEncephalitis, Herpes SimplexImmunomodulating AgentsAdolescentAdultAgedCase-Control StudiesComorbidityFemaleHumansImmunosuppressive AgentsIncidenceMaleMedicaidMiddle AgedUnited StatesImmunomodulating AgentsImmunosuppressive Agents

Identifiers

PMID38696733
PMCPMC11177586

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.