ArticleMMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report2024
Cigarette Smoking Among Pregnant Women During the Perinatal Period: Prevalence and Health Care Provider Inquiries - Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, United States, 2021.
Article in MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Maternal risk factors associated with neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis: a meta-analysis and systematic review.BMC pediatrics · 2026Pooled it
- Modifying the Use of Alcohol and Cigarettes in the Antepartum.Current psychiatry reports · 2025Pooled it
- Cardiovascular health and depression among postpartum women in the United States.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2026Article
- Exploring hormonal influences on nicotine craving and use across the perinatal period: A prospective longitudinal study.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2026Article
- Article
- The impact of postpartum smoking on breastfeeding initiation and duration: racial and ethnic analysis using PRAMS data in a nationally representative sample.International breastfeeding journal · 2026Article
- Co-exposure to cannabinoids and nicotine increases senescence in prenatal human lung development.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- MRI-based structural development of the human newborn hypothalamus.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2026Article
- Newborn metabolomic perturbations associated with prenatal tobacco smoke exposure and early birth.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- Trends and Correlates of Cigarette, Electronic Cigarette, and Hookah Use Among Women of Childbearing Age in the U.S. Health and Human Services Regions: Insights from PRAMS Phase 8 (2016‒2022) Data.Maternal and child health journal · 2026Article
- Impact of minimum wage increases on smoking before, during and after pregnancy in the USA: a difference-in-differences analysis of cross-sectional surveillance data.BMJ public health · 2026Article
- Infant Caregiving as a Resilience Factor for Postpartum Substance Misuse: A Scoping Review.Adversity and resilience science · 2026Review
- Sleep Motives and Expectancies for Cannabis Use in Pregnancy.Cannabis (Albuquerque, N.M.) · 2026Article
- Article
- Cigarette use and smoking cessation goals among pregnant women with opioid use disorder.Journal of substance use and addiction treatment · 2025Article
- Spina Bifida Incidence Trends: A Comparative Study of Puerto Rico and the United States.Epidemiologia (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Mental health and tobacco use as predictors of breastfeeding duration among Virginia mothers.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Nicotine consumption and folate insufficiency in pregnancy: a population-based cross-sectional study.The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians · 2025Article
- Maternal Smoking During Pregnancy and Adverse Childhood Experiences: The Role of Socioeconomic Status in Adulthood and Perinatal Abuse.Maternal and child health journal · 2025Article
- Prevalence of congenital heart defects among children with and without diagnosed fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, 2016-2022.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cigarette smoking during pregnancy increases the risk for pregnancy complications and adverse infant outcomes such as preterm delivery, restricted fetal growth, and infant death. Health care provider counseling can support smoking cessation. Data from the 2021 Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System were analyzed to estimate the prevalence of smoking before, during, and after pregnancy; quitting smoking during pregnancy; and whether health care providers asked about cigarette smoking before, during, and after pregnancy among women with a recent live birth. In 2021, the prevalence of cigarette smoking was 12.1% before pregnancy, 5.4% during pregnancy, and 7.2% during the postpartum period; 56.1% of women who smoked before pregnancy quit smoking while pregnant. Jurisdiction-specific prevalences of smoking ranged from 3.5% to 20.2% before pregnancy, 0.4% to 11.0% during pregnancy, and 1.0% to 15.1% during the postpartum period. Among women with a health care visit during the associated period, the percentage of women who reported that a health care provider asked about smoking was 73.7% at any health care visit before pregnancy, 93.7% at any prenatal care visit, and 57.3% at a postpartum checkup. Routine assessment of smoking behaviors among pregnant and postpartum women can guide the development and implementation of evidence-based tobacco control measures at the jurisdiction and health care-system level to reduce smoking among pregnant and postpartum women.
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