ArticleNicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco2024
Development and Psychometric Evaluation of a Novel Measure of Nicotine E-cigarette Withdrawal for Use With Adolescents and Young Adults.
Article in Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
introductionNicotine withdrawal is a well-established construct that prompts continued nicotine product use and contributes to failed cessation efforts. Despite ongoing public health concerns about nicotine e-cigarette use in adolescents and young adults (AYAs), no psychometrically sound measure of nicotine e-cigarette withdrawal exists for this population. AIMS AND
methodsA mixed methods approach comprising a literature review to identify existing nicotine withdrawal items; subject matter expert feedback on existing items and novel item generation; cognitive interviews assessing the measure's instructions, items, and response options; and a large quantitative validation survey (N = 997) was employed to develop the novel retrospective measure of nicotine e-cigarette withdrawal.
resultsA 25-item solution comprising four subscales-negative affect, negative physical symptoms, craving, and appetite/food-and an overall withdrawal score was supported. Internal reliability was excellent (mean alpha = 0.91), and scalar measurement invariance was reached for all subgroups tested (eg, sex, age, exclusive e-cigarette use vs. dual tobacco product use, and daily vs. non-daily nicotine vaping). Overall withdrawal and its subscales evidenced concurrent validity with time to first vape in the morning, e-cigarette dependence, and previous vaping cessation attempts, although not each subscale was associated with each outcome. Importantly, cross-sectional incremental validity analyses indicated that retrospective withdrawal accounted for variance in each outcome above and beyond e-cigarette dependence.
conclusionsThe novel retrospective AYA Nicotine E-cigarette Withdrawal Scale (AYA NEWS) evidenced strong psychometric properties for use in this population. Future research can determine whether the AYA NEWS can be used to assess acute e-cigarette nicotine withdrawal. IMPLICATIONS: While e-cigarette use remains the most prevalent form of nicotine product use among AYAs, there are limited options for psychometrically sound measures of e-cigarette-related constructs in this population. Withdrawal from nicotine is associated with failed cessation attempts and continued use of nicotine-containing products, making it a critical construct within tobacco-related research. This study outlines the development and preliminary psychometric evaluation of a novel, retrospective measure of nicotine e-cigarette withdrawal. Study findings support using the Adolescent and Young Adult Nicotine E-cigarette Withdrawal Scale (NEWS) to assess retrospective withdrawal from nicotine e-cigarettes in young people.
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