ArticleThe Malaysian journal of medical sciences : MJMS2024
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Dry Eye Disease in the South of Palestine.
Article in The Malaysian journal of medical sciences : MJMS, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Efficacy of 0.38% and 0.18% sodium hyaluronate ocular lubricants for dry eye: A randomized trial in adult gazan participants.Journal of optometryTrial
- Prevalence of dry eye disease among indoor and outdoor workers and the impact on work productivity in the West Bank of Palestine in 2024: a cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Study on the relationship between lid-parallel conjunctival folds and symptoms and signs of dry eye disease.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Prevalence of dry eye symptoms and associated risk factors among students at Al-Mustaqbal University, Iraq.PloS one · 2025Article
- Eye diseases: a global concern across age, race, and environment.Eye (London, England) · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
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Abstract
Background: The prevalence of dry eye disease (DED) is rising globally and needs to be urgently addressed by medical professionals because it lowers patients' quality of life. There are as yet no available data in the literature about the prevalence of and risk factors for DED in the Gaza Strip, a gap that the present study seeks to address. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out between March and August 2022 in Gaza governorates using a proportional stratified sampling technique. Only Gazan individuals ≥ 18 years old and able to follow the instructions were included. The Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire, which has previously been translated into Arabic and validated, was applied to evaluate DED symptoms. Subjective clinical tests for DED conducted were tear meniscus height (TMH), meibomian gland dysfunctions (MGDs), Marx line (ML), conjunctival Lissamine green staining (LGS), tear film break-up time test (TBUT), corneal fluorescein staining (CFS) and Schirmer II tear test (STT). DED was defined based on an Arab-OSDI score ≥ 13 and at least one positive clinical sign. Results: A total of 426 participants were assessed from four areas (North Gaza Strip, 82; Gaza City, 147; Mid-Zone Gaza Strip, 62; South Gaza Strip, 135). The prevalence of DED in the present study was 31.5% (95% CI: 27.1, 36.1). Age > 50 years old (odds ratio [OR] = 10.45; 95% CI: 2.95, 37.05; Conclusion: Various aspects of DED were linked with different risk factors, suggesting that DED subtypes have different underlying pathophysiologies.
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