Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38693833›Full record

ArticlePsychiatric services (Washington, D.C.)2024

Associations of Mortality Outcomes With Employment Status at Discharge From VA Vocational Rehabilitation Service Programs.

Kristen M Abraham, Kallisse R Dent, Sandra G Resnick, John F McCarthy, Kara Zivin

Open access · greenAbstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Psychiatric services (Washington, D.C.), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

1citing papers in PubMed

0.8field-weighted citation impact, top 26% of its field

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 citations in OpenAlex.

Financial Stressors and Suicide.JAMA network open · 2026
Article

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Kristen M AbrahamSerious Mental Illness Treatment Resource and Evaluation Center, Office of Mental Health and Suicide Prevention, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), Ann Arbor (Abraham, Dent, McCarthy); Department of Psychology, University of Detroit Mercy, Detroit (Abraham); Northeast Program Evaluation Center, Office of Mental Health and Suicide Prevention, VA, West Haven, Connecticut (Resnick); Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven (Resnick); Suicide Prevention Program, Office of Mental Health and Suicide Prevention, VA, Washington, D.C. (McCarthy); Center for Clinical Management Research, VA, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor (Zivin).

Kallisse R DentSerious Mental Illness Treatment Resource and Evaluation Center, Office of Mental Health and Suicide Prevention, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), Ann Arbor (Abraham, Dent, McCarthy); Department of Psychology, University of Detroit Mercy, Detroit (Abraham); Northeast Program Evaluation Center, Office of Mental Health and Suicide Prevention, VA, West Haven, Connecticut (Resnick); Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven (Resnick); Suicide Prevention Program, Office of Mental Health and Suicide Prevention, VA, Washington, D.C. (McCarthy); Center for Clinical Management Research, VA, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor (Zivin).

Sandra G ResnickSerious Mental Illness Treatment Resource and Evaluation Center, Office of Mental Health and Suicide Prevention, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), Ann Arbor (Abraham, Dent, McCarthy); Department of Psychology, University of Detroit Mercy, Detroit (Abraham); Northeast Program Evaluation Center, Office of Mental Health and Suicide Prevention, VA, West Haven, Connecticut (Resnick); Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven (Resnick); Suicide Prevention Program, Office of Mental Health and Suicide Prevention, VA, Washington, D.C. (McCarthy); Center for Clinical Management Research, VA, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor (Zivin).

John F McCarthySerious Mental Illness Treatment Resource and Evaluation Center, Office of Mental Health and Suicide Prevention, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), Ann Arbor (Abraham, Dent, McCarthy); Department of Psychology, University of Detroit Mercy, Detroit (Abraham); Northeast Program Evaluation Center, Office of Mental Health and Suicide Prevention, VA, West Haven, Connecticut (Resnick); Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven (Resnick); Suicide Prevention Program, Office of Mental Health and Suicide Prevention, VA, Washington, D.C. (McCarthy); Center for Clinical Management Research, VA, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor (Zivin).

Kara ZivinSerious Mental Illness Treatment Resource and Evaluation Center, Office of Mental Health and Suicide Prevention, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), Ann Arbor (Abraham, Dent, McCarthy); Department of Psychology, University of Detroit Mercy, Detroit (Abraham); Northeast Program Evaluation Center, Office of Mental Health and Suicide Prevention, VA, West Haven, Connecticut (Resnick); Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven (Resnick); Suicide Prevention Program, Office of Mental Health and Suicide Prevention, VA, Washington, D.C. (McCarthy); Center for Clinical Management Research, VA, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor (Zivin).

New York State Office of Mental Health · US

Funding

HSR&D Research Career Scientist AwardIK6HX003397 · VA · VETERANS HEALTH ADMINISTRATION · PI Kara Zivin · 2021 to 2026

–

HSRD VA IK6 HX003397

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThe authors evaluated associations between employment at discharge from Veterans Health Administration Vocational Rehabilitation Service (VR) programs and suicide and other causes of death.

methodsFor veterans receiving VR between October 1, 2005, and September 30, 2014 (N=78,293), proportional hazards analyses were used to test associations of employment with suicide, drug overdose, and external and natural cause mortality rates over 1 and 5 years postdischarge and through December 31, 2019. The analyses were adjusted for clinical and sociodemographic characteristics and propensity for employment.

resultsOf the veterans, 94.1% had a psychiatric diagnosis, and 35.5% were employed at VR discharge. In proportional hazards analyses, employment was associated with lower mortality rates through 1 year (suicide, hazard ratio [HR]=0.54; overdose, HR=0.70; external causes, HR=0.62; and natural causes, HR=0.51) and 5 years postdischarge (overdose, HR=0.72; external causes, HR=0.81; and natural causes, HR=0.72). Through December 31, 2019, employment was associated with lower risks for overdose (HR=0.80) and death by external (HR=0.81) and natural (HR=0.80) causes.

conclusionsEmployment at VR discharge was associated with lower mortality risk among veterans with psychiatric diagnoses.

Indexed as

EmploymentMental DisordersPatient DischargeRehabilitation, VocationalSuicideUnited States Department of Veterans AffairsVeteransAdultCause of DeathDrug OverdoseFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedProportional Hazards ModelsUnited StatesEmploymentMortalityPsychiatric disordersSuicideVeterans issuesVocational rehabilitation

Identifiers

PMID38693833

DOI10.1176/appi.ps.20230489

PMCPMC11530299

OpenAlexW4396587036

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.