Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38693285›Full record

Observational studyScientific reports2024

Post-Covid-19 condition (Long Covid) in children and young people 12 months after infection or reinfection with the Omicron variant: a prospective observational study.

Snehal M Pinto Pereira, Manjula D Nugawela, Terence Stephenson, Paul Foret-Bruno, Emma Dalrymple, Laila Xu, Elizabeth Whittaker, Isobel Heyman, Tamsin Ford, Terry Segal and 7 more

Open access · goldAbstract readObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in Scientific reports, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
5.5field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 15 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Long COVID in children and young people: then and now.Current opinion in infectious diseases · 2025
    Review
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors at 11 institutions in 1 country.

Snehal M Pinto PereiraDivision of Surgery and Interventional Science, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK. snehal.pereira@ucl.ac.uk.
Manjula D NugawelaUCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, UK.
Terence StephensonUCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, UK.
Paul Foret-BrunoUCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, UK.
Emma DalrympleUCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, UK.
Laila XuUCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, UK.
Elizabeth WhittakerSection of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Isobel HeymanUCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, UK.
Tamsin FordDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Hershel Smith Building Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0SZ, UK.
Terry SegalUniversity College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Trudie ChalderDepartment of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De'Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK.
Shamez N LadhaniImmunisations and Vaccine Preventable Diseases, UK Health Security Agency, 61 Colindale Avenue, London, NW9 5EQ, UK.
Anna A MensahImmunisations and Vaccine Preventable Diseases, UK Health Security Agency, 61 Colindale Avenue, London, NW9 5EQ, UK.
Kelsey McOwatImmunisations and Vaccine Preventable Diseases, UK Health Security Agency, 61 Colindale Avenue, London, NW9 5EQ, UK.
Ruth SimmonsImmunisations and Vaccine Preventable Diseases, UK Health Security Agency, 61 Colindale Avenue, London, NW9 5EQ, UK.
CLoCk Consortium
Roz ShafranUCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, UK. r.shafran@ucl.ac.uk.
University College London · GBUK Health Security AgencyImperial College London · GBUniversity of Liverpool · GBKing's College London · GBManchester University NHS Foundation Trust · GBUniversity of Bristol · GBUniversity of Cambridge · GBUniversity of Edinburgh · GBUniversity of Manchester · GBUniversity of Oxford · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Our previous study in children and young people (CYP) at 3- and 6-months post-infection showed that 12-16% of those infected with the Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant of SARS-CoV-2 met the research definition of Long Covid, with no differences between first-positive and reinfected CYP. The primary objective of the current study is to explore the impact of the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 infection on young people 12 months post infection. 345 CYP aged 11-17 years with a first laboratory-confirmed infection with the Omicron variant and 360 CYP reinfected with the Omicron variant completed an online questionnaire assessing demographics, symptoms, and their impact shortly after testing and again at 3-, 6-and 12-months post-testing. Vaccination status was determined from information held at UKHSA. Comparisons between groups were made using chi-squared, Mann-Whitney U, and Kruskal-Wallis tests. The most common symptoms in first-positive and reinfected CYP 12-months post-testing were tiredness (35.7 and 33.6% respectively) and sleeping difficulties (27.5 and 28.3% respectively). Symptom profiles, severity and impact were similar in the two infection status groups. Overall, by 12-months, 17.4% of first-positives and 21.9% of reinfected CYP fulfilled the research consensus Long Covid definition (p = 0.13). 12-months post Omicron infection, there is little difference between first-positive and reinfected CYP with respect to symptom profiles and impact. Clinicians may not therefore need to consider number of infections and type of variant when developing treatment plans. Further studies are needed to assess causality of reported symptoms up to 12-months after SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Indexed as

COVID-19ReinfectionSARS-CoV-2AdolescentChildFemaleHumansMalePost-Acute COVID-19 SyndromeProspective StudiesLong CovidOmicronPost Covid-19 conditionProspectiveYoung people

Identifiers

PMID38693285
PMCPMC11063180
OpenAlexW4396553648

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.