ArticleBMJ open2024
Determinants of unmet need for modern contraceptives in Ethiopia.
Article in BMJ open, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Unmet need for family planning among adolescent girls and young women (15-24 years) in Ethiopia during the FP2020 period: a propensity score matching analysis using PMA data.Reproduction & fertility · 2026Article
- Understanding Risk Factors for Unmet Contraceptive Needs Among Married and Cohabiting Women in Sub-Saharan Africa: Evidence from 22 Countries.Rwanda journal of medicine and health sciences · 2026Article
- Use of modern contraceptive methods among women of childbearing age attending maternal and child health services in Abidjan and Agboville (Cote d'Ivoire).BMC public health · 2026Article
- Factors influencing contraceptive use among women of advanced reproductive age in Nigeria.Contraception and reproductive medicine · 2025Article
- Inequity in access to medications among communities in Eastern Ethiopia: a decomposition analysis.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- Determinants of unmet family planning needs among women of reproductive age between 15 and 49 years in Siaya County, Kenya.The Pan African medical journal · 2025Article
- Rationalization, facilitators, and impediments of fertility transition in Ethiopia: qualitative exploration of the community readiness, willingness, and ability.Therapeutic advances in reproductive healthArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo identify the determinants of the unmet need for modern contraceptives in Ethiopia.
designCommunity-based cross-sectional study.
settingEthiopia.
participantsA group of 6636 women of reproductive age (15-49 years) who were sexually active were included in the study. OUTCOME: Unmet need for modern contraceptives
methodThe study used data from the 2019 Performance Monitoring for Action-Ethiopia survey, which was community-based and cross-sectional. The sample consisted of women aged 15-49 from households randomly selected to be nationally representative. Multinomial logistic regression and spatial analysis were performed to determine the factors influencing unmet needs for modern contraceptives. The descriptive analysis incorporated svy commands to account for clustering.
resultsThe proportion of unmet need for modern contraceptives was 19.7% (95% CI: 18% to 21.5%). Women with supportive norms towards family planning had a lower risk of unmet need for spacing (relative risk ratio (RRR)=0.92, 95% CI: 0.86 to 0.99). Older age lowered the risk of unmet need for spacing 40-44 (RRR=0.28, 95% CI: 0.13 to 0.59) and 45-49 (RRR=0.11, 95% CI: 0.04 to 0.31). Being married increased the unmet need for spacing (RRR=1.9, 95% CI: 1.36 to 2.7) and limiting (RRR=3.7, 95% CI: 1.86 to 7.4). Increasing parity increases the risk of unmet need for spacing (RRR=1.27, 95% CI: 1.16 to 1.38) and limiting (RRR=1.26, 95% CI: 1.15 to 1.4). Contrarily, older age increased the risk of unmet need for limiting 40-44 (RRR=10.2, 95% CI: 1.29 to 79.5), 45-49 (RRR=8.4, 95% CI: 1.03 to 67.4). A clustered spatial unmet need for modern contraceptives was observed (Global Moran's I=0.715: Z-Score=3.8496, p<0.000118). The SaTScan identified 102 significant hotspot clusters located in Harari (relative risk (RR)=2.82, log-likelihood ratio (LLR)=28.2, p value<0.001), South Nations Nationalities and People, Oromia, Gambella and Addis Ababa (RR=1.33, LLR=15.6, p value<0.001).
conclusionsHigh levels of unmet need for modern contraceptives were observed in Ethiopia, showing geographical variations. It is essential to address the key factors affecting women and work towards reducing disparities in modern contraceptive unmet needs among different regions.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.