Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38689290›Full record

ArticleJournal of orthopaedic surgery and research2024

Comparative effectiveness of low-level laser therapy versus muscle energy technique among diabetic patients with frozen shoulder: a study protocol for a parallel group randomised controlled trial.

Halima I Hassan, Bashir Kaka, Fatima Bello, Francis Fatoye, Aminu A Ibrahim

Open access · goldAbstract readClinical Trial Protocol
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
2.6field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.

Halima I HassanDepartment of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Bayero University, Kano, Kano State, Nigeria.
Bashir KakaDepartment of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Bayero University, Kano, Kano State, Nigeria.
Fatima BelloEndocrinology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria.
Francis FatoyeDepartment of Health Professions, Faculty of Health, Psychology and Care, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK.
Aminu A IbrahimDepartment of Physiotherapy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Skyline University Nigeria, Kano, Kano State, Nigeria. aminu.ibrahim@sun.edu.ng.
Ahmadu Bello University · NGAhmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital · NGBayero University Kano · NGManchester Metropolitan University · GBSkyline University Nigeria · NG

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDiabetes mellitus is one of the fastest-growing health challenges of the twenty-first century with multifactorial impact including high rates of morbidity and mortality as well as increased healthcare costs. It is associated with musculoskeletal complications, with frozen shoulder being commonly reported. While low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and muscle energy technique (MET) are commonly used to manage  this condition, there remains a lack of agreement on the most effective approach, with limited research available on their comparative efficacy.

objectivesTo evaluate the comparative effectiveness of LLLT versus MET among diabetic patients with frozen shoulder.

methodsThis is a single-centre, prospective, single-blind, randomised controlled trial with three parallel groups to be conducted at Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria. Sixty diabetic patients with frozen shoulder will be randomly assigned into LLLT group, MET group, or control group in a 1:1:1 ratio. All the groups will receive treatment three times weekly for 8 weeks. The primary outcome will be shoulder function and the secondary outcomes will include pain intensity, shoulder ROM, interleukin-6 (IL-6), depression, anxiety, and quality of life (QoL). All outcomes will be assessed at baseline, at post 8-week intervention, and at 3 months follow-up. DISCUSSION: This will be the first randomised controlled trial to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of LLLT versus MET on both clinical and psychological parameters among diabetic patients with frozen shoulder. The findings of the study may provide evidence on the efficacy of these interventions and most likely, the optimal treatment approach for frozen shoulder related to diabetes, which may guide clinical practice.

trial registrationPan African Clinical Trials Registry (PACTR202208562111554). Registered on August 10, 2022.

Indexed as

BursitisLow-Level Light TherapyAdultAgedDiabetes ComplicationsDiabetes MellitusFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesQuality of LifeRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicRange of Motion, ArticularSingle-Blind MethodTreatment OutcomeConventional therapeutic exercisesDiabetes mellitusFrozen shoulderLow-level laser therapyMuscle energy technique

Identifiers

PMID38689290
PMCPMC11061961
OpenAlexW4396508161

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.