ArticleScientific reports2024
The positive impact of smoking cessation on fracture risk in a nationwide cohort study.
Article in Scientific reports, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- A meta-analysis of smoking and fracture risk to update the FRAX® tool.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2026Pooled it
- Risk factors for refracture or new vertebral compression fractures after percutaneous vertebroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2025Pooled it
- Impact of current and previous smoking on fracture risk in older women: the role of physical function, bone density, and bone microarchitecture.Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2026Article
- Cumulative Lifestyle Profiles and Osteoporotic Fracture Risk in Older Women: A Nationwide Korean Cohort Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Tobacco smoke exposure and spine fracture risk in US adults: A cross-sectional analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2010, 2013-2014, 2017-2020.Tobacco induced diseases · 2026Article
- Multidisciplinary consensus on the management of patients with osteopenia and fracture risk in Spain.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Many studies sought to demonstrate the association between smoking and fracture risk. However, the correlation between smoking and fractures remains controversial. This study aimed to examine the impact of smoking and smoking cessation on the occurrence of fractures using prospective nationwide cohort data. We enrolled those who underwent a National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) health checkup in 2009-2010 who had a previous health checkup 4-year prior (2005-2006). The study population of 4,028,559 subjects was classified into three groups (non-smoker, smoking cessation, current smoker). The study population was also analyzed according to fracture type (all fractures, vertebral fracture, hip fracture). Lastly, the smoking cessation group and current smoker group were divided into four subgroups based on a lifetime smoking amount cut-off of 20 pack-years (PY). Multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) of fracture were examined through a Cox proportional hazards model. After multivariable adjustment, non-smokers showed the lowest risk of fracture (HR = 0.818, CI 0.807-0.828, p < 0.0001) and smoking cessation significantly lowered the risk of fracture (HR 0.938, 95% CI 0.917-0.959, p < 0.0001) compared to current smokers. Regardless of 20PY, all smoking cessation subgroups showed significantly less risk of fractures than current smokers with ≥ 20PYs. Smoking increases the risk of fracture, and smoking cessation lowers the risk of fracture.
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