Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38688875›Full record

ArticleMagnetic resonance in medicine2024

Distortionless, free-breathing, and respiratory resolved 3D diffusion weighted imaging of the abdomen.

Philip K Lee, Xuetong Zhou, Nan Wang, Ali B Syed, Ryan L Brunsing, Shreyas S Vasanawala, Brian A Hargreaves

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Magnetic resonance in medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Diffusion MRI of the Body: Beyond PGSE-EPI.Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI · 2026
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Philip K LeeRadiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7945-902X
Xuetong ZhouRadiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.ORCID 0009-0007-2584-0558
Nan WangRadiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
Ali B SyedRadiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
Ryan L BrunsingRadiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
Shreyas S VasanawalaRadiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
Brian A HargreavesRadiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.

Funding

High-Resolution Whole-Breast MRI at 3.0TR01EB009055 · NIBIB · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI BRUCE L DANIEL, Brian Andrew Hargreaves · 2008 to 2026
$7.5M
GE HealthcareNIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB009055NIH HHS NIH R01-EB009055
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeAbdominal imaging is frequently performed with breath holds or respiratory triggering to reduce the effects of respiratory motion. Diffusion weighted sequences provide a useful clinical contrast but have prolonged scan times due to low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and cannot be completed in a single breath hold. Echo-planar imaging (EPI) is the most commonly used trajectory for diffusion weighted imaging but it is susceptible to off-resonance artifacts. A respiratory resolved, three-dimensional (3D) diffusion prepared sequence that obtains distortionless diffusion weighted images during free-breathing is presented. Techniques to address the myriad of challenges including: 3D shot-to-shot phase correction, respiratory binning, diffusion encoding during free-breathing, and robustness to off-resonance are described.

methodsA twice-refocused, M1-nulled diffusion preparation was combined with an RF-spoiled gradient echo readout and respiratory resolved reconstruction to obtain free-breathing diffusion weighted images in the abdomen. Cartesian sampling permits a sampling density that enables 3D shot-to-shot phase navigation and reduction of transient fat artifacts. Theoretical properties of a region-based shot rejection are described. The region-based shot rejection method was evaluated with free-breathing (normal and exaggerated breathing), and respiratory triggering. The proposed sequence was compared in vivo with multishot DW-EPI.

resultsThe proposed sequence exhibits no evident distortion in vivo when compared to multishot DW-EPI, robustness to B0 and B1 field inhomogeneities, and robustness to motion from different respiratory patterns.

conclusionAcquisition of distortionless, diffusion weighted images is feasible during free-breathing with a b-value of 500 s/mm

Indexed as

AbdomenArtifactsDiffusion Magnetic Resonance ImagingImaging, Three-DimensionalAlgorithmsHumansImage Interpretation, Computer-AssistedReproducibility of ResultsRespirationSignal-To-Noise Ratiodiffusion MRIfree‐breathing abdominal imagingmotion correction

Identifiers

PMID38688875
PMCPMC12923270

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.