SynthesisPloS one2024
Magnitude of standard precautions practices among healthcare workers in health facilities of Low and Middle Income Countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Occupational Health and Safety Practices Among Primary Healthcare Workers in Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study.Cureus · 2026Article
- Current status of standard precautions: a cross-sectional evaluation of healthcare workers' knowledge and practice across northern Nigeria.BMC primary care · 2026Article
- Knowledge and practices regarding infection control precautions against blood-borne diseases among recovered HCV patients in Egypt.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Standard precautions perception and practice among health workers in the obstetrics-gynecology department of a referral hospital in Cameroon.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- Exploring healthcare facilities' readiness for standard precautions in infection prevention and control: a cross-country comparative analysis of six low- and middle-income countries using national cross-sectional surveys.Journal of global health · 2025Article
- Exploring barriers to and facilitators of infection prevention and control practices in the Pediatrics and Child Health Department of Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia.Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2024Article
- Infection prevention and control practices in the Pediatrics and Child Health Department of Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundStandard precautions are the minimum standard of infection control to prevent transmission of infectious agents, protect healthcare workers, patients, and visitors regardless of infection status. The consistent implementation of standard precautions is highly effective in reducing transmission of pathogens that cause HAIs. Despite their effectiveness, compliance, resources, patient behavior, and time constraints are some of the challenges that can arise when implementing standard precautions. The main objective of this meta-analysis was to show the pooled prevalence of safe standard precaution practices among healthcare workers in Low and Middle Income Countries (LMICs).
methodsA systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted for this study. We systematically searched observational study articles from PubMed Central and Google Scholar. We included articles published any year and involving healthcare workers. We used Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). The random effect model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence. The meta-analysis, sensitivity analysis, subgroup analysis, and publication bias (funnel plot, and Egger's tests) were conducted.
resultsA total of 46 articles were included in this study. The pooled prevalence of standard precautions practices among healthcare workers in LMICs was 53%, with a 95% CI of (47, 59). These studies had a total sample size of 14061 with a minimum sample size of 17 and a maximum sample size of 2086. The majority of the studies (82.6%) were conducted in hospitals only (all kinds), and the remaining 17.4% were conducted in all health facilities, including hospitals.
conclusionsThe pooled prevalence of standard precautions practices among healthcare workers in LMICs was suboptimal. The findings of this study can have substantial implication for healthcare practice and policy making by providing robust evidence with synthesized and pooled evidence from multiple studies.
trial registrationRegistered on PROSPERO with record ID: CRD42023395129, on the 9th Feb. 2023.
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