Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38686826›Full record

ArticleAustralasian psychiatry : bulletin of Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists2024

Rapidly expanding gender-affirming care based on consensus instead of evidence justifies rigorous governance and transparency.

Andrew James Amos

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Australasian psychiatry : bulletin of Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Ten years gone: Response to Cavve (2024).Australasian psychiatry : bulletin of Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists · 2025
    Article
  2. Gender diverse children deserve a good faith debate about gender-affirming care: Response to Cavve et al. (2024).Australasian psychiatry : bulletin of Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

Andrew James AmosDivision of Tropical Health and Medicine, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-9145-0212

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivePublic services offering gender-affirming care to minors have rapidly expanded across Australia. Despite limited evidence of safety and efficacy, no public information about these services is routinely available. Data from freedom of information requests sent to Australian public gender services for minors is summarised. Gender service numbers increased rapidly in Queensland (2017:190 - 2022:922) and in Victoria (2019:472 - 2023:1290). Limited transparency prevented strong confidence in the number of patients receiving hormone therapy. Staff FTE employed by gender services jumped after 2020 in NSW (to 16.7 across two sites in 2023), Queensland (to 11.4 in 2023), Victoria (to 9.4 in 2022), and WA (to 10.2 in 2023).

conclusionsDespite low confidence in their safety and efficacy, the number of patients seen by public gender services has expanded rapidly since 2018. Limited transparency makes it difficult to judge the number of patients seen, treatments provided, and outcomes achieved. Safe, effective care of this vulnerable group requires clear treatment goals, and annual reporting.

Indexed as

ConsensusAdolescentAustraliaFemaleGender-Affirming CareGender DysphoriaHealth Services for Transgender PersonsHumansMaleMinorsTransgender Personsadministrative psychiatryevidence-based medicinegender dysphoria

Identifiers

PMID38686826
PMCPMC11318203

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.