ArticleRespiratory research2024
Smoking status and clinical outcome in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a nationwide study.
Article in Respiratory research, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Nuclear protein 1 is a cell death regulator in primary human airway epithelial cells and reduced in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Reporting Quality for Comorbidity Adjustment in Studies Using Korean Health Insurance Claim Data: A Scoping Review.Journal of preventive medicine and public health = Yebang Uihakhoe chi · 2026Article
- Lung Cancer in Never-Smokers: Risk Factors, Driver Mutations, and Therapeutic Advances.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Protocol for constructing an accessible exposure chamber for in vitro and in vivo modeling of airway environmental exposures.STAR protocols · 2025Article
- Unflavored electronic cigarette exposure induces alterations in airway ciliary structure and function.Respiratory research · 2025Article
- Association between inhaled corticosteroids and incidence of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: nationwide population-based study.BMJ open respiratory research · 2025Article
- Article
- Development of a local nomogram-based scoring system for predicting overall survival in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: A rural appalachian experience.Medicine advances · 2024Article
- Cellular and Molecular Genetic Mechanisms of Lung Fibrosis Development and the Role of Vitamin D: A Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSmoking status has been linked to the development of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). However, the effect of smoking on the prognosis of patients with IPF is unclear. We aimed to investigate the association between smoking status and all-cause mortality or hospitalisation by using national health claims data.
methodsIPF cases were defined as people who visited medical institutions between January 2002 and December 2018 with IPF and rare incurable disease exempted calculation codes from the National Health Insurance Database. Total 10,182 patients with available data on smoking status were included in this study. Ever-smoking status was assigned to individuals with a history of smoking ≥ 6 pack-years. The multivariable Cox proportional hazard model was used to evaluate the association between smoking status and prognosis.
resultsIn the entire cohort, the mean age was 69.4 years, 73.9% were males, and 45.2% were ever smokers (current smokers: 14.2%; former smokers: 31.0%). Current smokers (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.709; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.643-0.782) and former smokers (HR: 0.926; 95% CI: 0.862-0.996) were independently associated with all-cause mortality compared with non-smokers. Current smokers (HR: 0.884; 95% CI: 0.827-0.945) and former smokers (HR: 0.909; 95% CI: 0.862-0.959) were also associated with a reduced risk of all-cause hospitalisation compared with non-smokers. A non-linear association between smoking amount and prognosis was found in a spline HR curve and showed increasing risk below 6 pack-years.
conclusionEver-smoking status may be associated with favourable clinical outcomes in patients with IPF.
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