ArticleWomen's health (London, England)
Menstrual attitudes in adult women: A cross-sectional study on the association with menstruation factors, contraceptive use, genital self-image, and sexual openness.
Article in Women's health (London, England). The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical outcomes of liposomal and conventional bupivacaine in postoperative pain management in female patients following thoracoscopic lung surgery.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Reproductive health - a blind spot in psychotherapeutic treatment? Evidence of insufficient consideration of reproductive factors in routine care.Dialogues in clinical neuroscience · 2026Article
- Sociodemographic, reproductive, and psychiatric factors associated with menstrual distress in Indonesian women: findings from an online survey using the MEDI-Q.BMC women's health · 2026Article
- Contraception and Amenorrhea: An Exploratory Cross-Sectional Study on Acceptability in Filipino/Filipino-American Women.Journal of transcultural nursing : official journal of the Transcultural Nursing Society · 2026Article
- Menstrual experiences of adolescent girls in schools: recommendations for menstrual health education in England.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Female genital self-image and psychological distress: the serial mediating effects of existential shame and limited access to emotion regulation strategies.Archives of women's mental health · 2026Article
- Predictive factors of menstruation's impact on adolescents' daily, social, and academic lives: A cross-sectional study.Journal of education and health promotion · 2026Article
- Knowledge, attitudes, and support of women's menstrual experiences: A cross-sectional survey of men in Kampala, Uganda.Health & place · 2025Article
- Article
- Navigating menstrual stigma and norms: a qualitative study on young people's menstrual experiences and strategies for improving menstrual health.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Exploring the role of menstrual perceptions on health, well-being, and daily functioning.Women's health (London, England)Observational
- Bleeding barriers: Reimaging menstrual health research through a global and interdisciplinary perspective.Women's health (London, England)Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMenstruation is a central part of the everyday life of most women, and menstrual attitudes may impact health and well-being.
objectivesThis article aimed to map menstrual attitudes among adult women and examine factors associated with these attitudes, such as aspects of menarche and current menstruation, and rarely studied factors, such as genital self-image and sexual openness. STUDY
designA cross-sectional online survey.
methodA sample of 1470 women, aged 18-50 years, were recruited through social media sites. The
resultsAgreeing with the attitude of menstruation as something natural was predicted primarily by positive emotions at menarche, experiencing less menstrual pain, using no or nonhormonal contraception, and having a positive genital self-image. Perceiving menstruation as bothersome was predicted by a lower educational level, experiencing stronger menstrual pain, having more perimenstrual psychological symptoms, and using hormonal contraceptives. Menstruation as something shameful was chiefly predicted by lower sexual openness and a negative genital self-image.
conclusionMany women held attitudes about menstruation as both something natural and bothersome. Menarche and current menstruation experiences, and contraceptive method, played central roles in shaping attitudes toward menstruation as natural and bothersome. Viewing menstruation as shameful stood out from other attitudes by indicating a triad of self-objectified shame that includes menstruation, sexuality, and genital self-image. Further research into the relationships between menstruation, contraceptive use, sexuality, and body image is needed to enhance our understanding of women's menstrual health.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.