ReviewJournal of dental research2024
Artificial Intelligence in Orthodontics: Critical Review.
Review in Journal of dental research, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- AI in orthodontic treatment planning: a systematic review comparing learning approaches.BMC oral health · 2026Pooled it
- Parameter-level comparison of artificial intelligence and manual cephalometric measurements: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in dental medicine · 2026Pooled it
- The potentials and challenges of integrating generative artificial intelligence (AI) in dental and orthodontic education: a systematic review.BMC oral health · 2025Pooled it
- Randomized controlled trial comparing AI-assisted digital and conventional orthodontics: Superior PAR reduction and occlusal outcomes.PloS one · 2026Trial
- Evaluation of the impact of AI-based chatbot on orthodontic patient education: a preliminary randomised controlled trial.Clinical oral investigations · 2025Trial
- Why does digitally predicted tooth movement fail? the biology-digital mismatch in orthodontics: a critical narrative review.The Saudi dental journal · 2026Review
- Assessing the Diagnostic Performance of ChatGPT-5.0 versus Machine Learning in Orthodontics: A Comparative Analysis for Extraction Treatment Planning.Turkish journal of orthodontics · 2026Article
- Assessing the Reliability of Artificial Intelligence-Based Automatic Digital Model Analysis Compared with Manual Approaches.Turkish journal of orthodontics · 2026Article
- Artificial Intelligence and Digital Technologies in Orthognathic and Reconstructive Maxillofacial Surgery: Data Availability and Evidence Maturity.Dentistry journal · 2026Review
- Automated measurement of Little's Irregularity Index on intraoral photographs using a convolutional neural network.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- Classification Performance of General-Purpose Multimodal Large Language Models Across Orthodontic Radiographic Tasks: A Comparative Study of ChatGPT, Gemini, and Claude.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
- [Current applications and future perspectives of automation technologies and devices in oral diagnosis and treatment].Hua xi kou qiang yi xue za zhi = Huaxi kouqiang yixue zazhi = West China journal of stomatology · 2026Review
- Prediction of Orthodontic Extraction Decisions Using Machine Learning Algorithms: A Retrospective Study.Journal of clinical and experimental dentistry · 2026Review
- Artificial Intelligence in the Design and Optimization of Orthodontic Materials: A Clinical Perspective on Current State and Future Directions.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Applying Automated Artificial Intelligence Models on Lateral Cephalometric Parameters to Accurately Classify Arab Orthodontic Patient Patterns.Clinical and experimental dental research · 2026Article
- Review
- Evaluation of artificial intelligence-based cephalometric analysis compared to the manual method.Progress in orthodontics · 2026Article
- Evaluation of cephalometric landmarks using artificial intelligence compared to the manual method.Head & face medicine · 2026Article
- Machine learning algorithms for predicting quality of life improvements after digital orthodontic treatment: a retrospective analysis.Biomedical engineering online · 2026Article
- Current Applications and Future Perspectives of Artificial Intelligence in Face-Driven Orthodontics: A Scoping Review.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
With increasing digitalization in orthodontics, certain orthodontic manufacturing processes such as the fabrication of indirect bonding trays, aligner production, or wire bending can be automated. However, orthodontic treatment planning and evaluation remains a specialist's task and responsibility. As the prediction of growth in orthodontic patients and response to orthodontic treatment is inherently complex and individual, orthodontists make use of features gathered from longitudinal, multimodal, and standardized orthodontic data sets. Currently, these data sets are used by the orthodontist to make informed, rule-based treatment decisions. In research, artificial intelligence (AI) has been successfully applied to assist orthodontists with the extraction of relevant data from such data sets. Here, AI has been applied for the analysis of clinical imagery, such as automated landmark detection in lateral cephalograms but also for evaluation of intraoral scans or photographic data. Furthermore, AI is applied to help orthodontists with decision support for treatment decisions such as the need for orthognathic surgery or for orthodontic tooth extractions. One major challenge in current AI research in orthodontics is the limited generalizability, as most studies use unicentric data with high risks of bias. Moreover, comparing AI across different studies and tasks is virtually impossible as both outcomes and outcome metrics vary widely, and underlying data sets are not standardized. Notably, only few AI applications in orthodontics have reached full clinical maturity and regulatory approval, and researchers in the field are tasked with tackling real-world evaluation and implementation of AI into the orthodontic workflow.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.