ArticleJournal of intensive medicine2024
Protein-S-100-beta is increased in patients with decompensated cirrhosis admitted to ICU.
Article in Journal of intensive medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Blood-brain barrier dysfunction in hepatic encephalopathy: pathophysiology, diagnostic assessment and therapeutic perspectives.Metabolic brain disease · 2025Review
- Ammonia and beyond - biomarkers of hepatic encephalopathy.Metabolic brain disease · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is highly prevalent in patients with liver diseases. The pathophysiology of HE is centered on the synergic role of hyperammonemia and systemic inflammation. However, some data suggest altered functioning of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Assessing BBB function is challenging in clinical practice and at the bedside. Protein-S-100 Beta (PS100-Beta) could be a useful peripheral marker of BBB permeability in HE. This study aimed to assess plasmatic PS100-Beta levels in a prospective cohort of patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with decompensated cirrhosis with and without overt HE. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated a prospective cohort of cirrhotic patients admitted to the ICU from October 2013 to September 2015 that had an available plasmatic PS100-Beta measurement. Patients with previous neurological impairment or limitation of intensive or resuscitative measures were excluded. Overt HE was defined as West-Haven grades 2 to 4. The patients were compared to a control cohort of outpatient clinic cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic patients explored for isolated elevation of liver enzymes. After ICU discharge, the patients were followed for at least 3 months for the occurrence of overt HE. Adverse outcomes (liver transplantation or death) were collected. The ability of PS100-Beta - in combination with other factors - to predict overt HE was evaluated in a multivariate analysis using logistic regression. Likelihood ratios were used to determine the effects and calculate odds ratios (OR). Survival analysis was performed by using the Kaplan-Meier method and survival between groups was compared using a Log-rank test. Results: A total of 194 ICU patients and 207 outpatients were included in the study. Increased levels of plasmatic PS100-Beta were detected in the ICU decompensated cirrhotic patients compared with the outpatients ([0.15±0.01] mg/L Conclusions: Serum levels of PS100-Beta are elevated in ICU patients with decompensated cirrhosis, and even more so in those displaying overt HE, and the levels are correlated with outcome. This suggests an increase in the permeability of the BBB in these patients.
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