Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38678515›Full record

ArticleJournal of autism and developmental disorders2025

Infant Social Attention Associated with Elevated Likelihood for Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Multi-Method Comparison.

Xiaoxue Fu, Emma Platt, Frederick Shic, Jessica Bradshaw

Abstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Xiaoxue FuDepartment of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA. xiaoxuef@mailbox.sc.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6124-731X
Emma PlattDepartment of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
Frederick ShicCenter for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA.
Jessica BradshawDepartment of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.

Funding

Behavioral-Biomedical Interface: Translational and Prevention Sciences TrainingT32GM145226 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA AT COLUMBIA · PI MICHAEL W BEETS, RONALD J PRINZ · 2023 to 2026
$1.2M
Heart Defined Attention in Infancy: Predicting Social Communication and ASD SymptomologyK23MH120476 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA AT COLUMBIA · PI BRADSHAW, JESSICA · 2019 to 2023
$939k
Neurobehavioral Determinants of Social Communication and Language Impairments in at - Risk InfantsR21DC017252 · NIDCD · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA AT COLUMBIA · PI BRADSHAW, JESSICA · 2020 to 2022
$427k
NIDCD NIH HHS R21 DC017252NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM145226NIMH NIH HHS K23 MH120476
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThe study aimed to compare eye tracking (ET) and manual coding (MC) measures of attention to social and nonsocial information in infants with elevated familial likelihood (EL) of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and low likelihood of ASD (LL). ET provides a temporally and spatially sensitive tool for measuring gaze allocation. Existing evidence suggests that ET is a promising tool for detecting distinct social attention patterns that may serve as a biomarker for ASD. However, ET is prone to data loss, especially in young EL infants.

methodsTo increase evidence for ET as a viable tool for capturing atypical social attention in EL infants, the current prospective, longitudinal study obtained ET and MC measures of social and nonsocial attention in 25 EL and 47 LL infants at several time points between 3 and 24 months of age.

resultsET data was obtained with a satisfactory success rate of 95.83%, albeit with a higher degree of data loss compared to MC. Infant age and ASD likelihood status did not impact the extent of ET or MC data loss. There was a significant positive association between the ET and MC measures of attention, and separate analyses of attention using ET and AC measures yielded comparable findings. These analyses indicated group differences (EL vs. LL) in age-related change in attention to social vs. nonsocial information.

conclusionTogether, the findings support infant ET as a promising approach for identifying very early markers associated with ASD likelihood.

Indexed as

AttentionAutism Spectrum DisorderEye-Tracking TechnologySocial BehaviorChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansInfantLongitudinal StudiesMaleProspective StudiesAutismEye TrackingInfantManual CodingSocial Attention

Identifiers

PMID38678515
PMCPMC11911713

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.