Fractional-Order Electrical Modeling of Aluminum Coated via Plasma Electro-Oxidation and Thermal Spray Methods to Optimize Radiofrequency Medical Devices.

Active medical devices rely on a source of energy that is applied to the human body for specific purposes such as electrosurgery, ultrasounds for breaking up kidney stones (lithotripsy), laser irradiation, and other medical techniques and procedures that are extensively used. These systems must provide adequate working power with a commitment not to produce side effects on patients. Therefore, the materials used in these devices must effectively transmit energy, allow for security control, sense real-time variations in case of any issues, and ensure the implementation of closed-loop systems for control. This work extends to the experimental data adjustment of some different coating techniques based on plasma electro-oxidation (PEO) and thermal spray (TS) using fractional-order models. According to the physical structure of the coating in different coating techniques, Cole family models were selected. The experimental data were obtained by means of a vector network analyzer (VNA) in the frequency spectrum from 0.3 MHz to 5 MHz. The results show that some models from the Cole family (the single-dispersion model and inductive model) offered a goodness of fit to the experimental impedance in terms of RMSE error and a squared error R