ArticlePharmaceutics2024
Pullulan-Based Spray-Dried Mucoadhesive Microparticles for Sustained Oromucosal Drug Delivery.
Article in Pharmaceutics, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Inhalable Chitosan Microparticles: A Spray-Drying Approach for Enhanced Pulmonary Delivery of Rifampicin.ACS omega · 2026Article
- Bioavailability Enhancement and Formulation Technologies of Oral Mucosal Dosage Forms: A Review.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Polysaccharide-Based Drug Carriers-A Patent Analysis.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- In vitro and ex vivo models of the oral mucosa as platforms for the validation of novel drug delivery systems.Journal of tissue engineeringReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Mucoadhesive microparticles for oromucosal drug delivery offer several advantages, including intimate contact with the mucosa, delivery to less accessible regions, extended residence time, sustained drug release, reduced irritation, and improved patient compliance. In this study, pullulan was used to prepare mucoadhesive spray-dried microparticles for delivering benzydamine hydrochloride (BZH) to oral mucosa. The BZH-pullulan spray-dried microparticles had a mean size of <25 μm with an angle of repose values between 25.8-36.6°. Pullulan markedly extended drug-release time to >180 min, ~9 times greater than the duration (i.e., 20 min) reportedly achieved by chitosan. Kinetic analysis showed the drug-release rate was concentration dependent and jointly controlled by drug diffusion and polymer chain relaxation. Further, pullulan was mucoadhesive and was able to retain up to 78.8% w/w of microencapsulated gold nanoparticle probes at the mucosal membrane. These data strongly suggest that BZH-pullulan microparticles have great potential for oromucosal drug delivery, by providing elongated residence time in situ and sustained drug release for the treatment of local diseases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.