ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2024
Pathogenesis of Alopecia Areata and Vitiligo: Commonalities and Differences.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Integrated Meta-Analysis of Scalp Transcriptomics and Serum Proteomics Defines Alopecia Areata Subtypes and Core Disease Pathways.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Multiomics Analysis of the Response to Ritlecitinib in Alopecia Areata Subtypes and Correlation With Efficacy.Allergy · 2025Trial
- Vitiligo-Current Treatment Options and Future Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Description of the Tranquillo Phase 3 Clinical Trial Designs/Study Protocols to Assess Ritlecitinib in Adults and Adolescents with Nonsegmental Vitiligo.Dermatology and therapy · 2026Article
- Neuropeptide Y drives vitiligo progression via NPYR-mediated NF-κB activation: a novel therapeutic target.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Review
- Case Report: Vitiligo and Alopecia Universalis Following Rituximab Therapy in a Patient with Myasthenia Gravis.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2026Article
- Hair follicle immune privilege in autoimmune and immune-mediated alopecias: paths toward reestablishing immune tolerance.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- The role of JAK3 and TEC family kinases in vitiligo pathogenesis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Development and Validation of an HPLC-MS/MS Method for Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of Tofacitinib/Simvastatin Compound Ointment in Rats.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Article
- recent advances in the pathogenesis of vitiligo and the application of novel drug delivery systems in its treatment.International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2025Review
- Serum Granulysin Levels in Vitiligo and Alopecia Areata: A Potential Biomarker for Disease Activity and Dermoscopic Evaluation.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- JAK Inhibitors in Down Syndrome: Alopecia Areata Resolution and Vitiligo Improvement with Baricitinib.Acta dermato-venereologica · 2025Article
- Linking IFN-γ-Mediated Pathogenesis to ROCK-Targeted Therapy in a Scalable iPSCs-Based Vitiligo Model.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Hair follicle-derived melanocyte transplant as a promising treatment strategy for vitiligo.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Article
- Alopecia Areata: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Therapies.MedComm · 2025Review
- Comprehensive Overview of Cytokine Interplay in Vitiligo: A Decade of Meta-Analyses Systematically Reviewed.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Sexual Dysfunction in Alopecia Areata: A Systematic Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Hair regrowth in alopecia areata and re-pigmentation in vitiligo in response to treatment: Commonalities and differences.Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV · 2025Review
- The Involvement of RIPK1 in Alopecia Areata.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Both alopecia areata (AA) and vitiligo are distinct, heterogenous, and complex disease entities, characterized by nonscarring scalp terminal hair loss and skin pigment loss, respectively. In AA, inflammatory cell infiltrates are in the deep reticular dermis close to the hair bulb (swarm of bees), whereas in vitiligo the inflammatory infiltrates are in the epidermis and papillary dermis. Immune privilege collapse has been extensively investigated in AA pathogenesis, including the suppression of immunomodulatory factors (e.g., transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), programmed death-ligand 1 (PDL1), interleukin-10 (IL-10), α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF)) and enhanced expression of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) throughout hair follicles. However, immune privilege collapse in vitiligo remains less explored. Both AA and vitiligo are autoimmune diseases that share commonalities in pathogenesis, including the involvement of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (and interferon-α (IFN- α) signaling pathways) and cytotoxic CD8+ T lymphocytes (and activated IFN-γ signaling pathways). Blood chemokine C-X-C motif ligand 9 (CXCL9) and CXCL10 are elevated in both diseases. Common factors that contribute to AA and vitiligo include oxidative stress, autophagy, type 2 cytokines, and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway (e.g., dickkopf 1 (DKK1)). Here, we summarize the commonalities and differences between AA and vitiligo, focusing on their pathogenesis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.