ReviewBiomedicines2024
Radiological Imaging Findings of Adrenal Abnormalities in TAFRO Syndrome: A Systematic Review.
Review in Biomedicines, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Primary adrenal insufficiency and autoimmune thyroiditis in an adolescent with Castleman-TAFRO syndrome.JCEM case reports · 2026Article
- A case of adrenal Castleman disease combined with liver cirrhosis and splenomegaly.Urology case reports · 2024Article
- TAFRO syndrome with abdominal pain as the first symptom accompanied by liver damage with hyperbilirubinemia: A case report.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Article
- Increase in Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) Expression and the Pathogenesis of iMCD-TAFRO.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Computed tomography findings of idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease subtypes.Journal of clinical and experimental hematopathology : JCEH · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This systematic review article aims to investigate the clinical and radiological imaging characteristics of adrenal abnormalities in patients with thrombocytopenia, anasarca, fever, reticulin fibrosis, renal dysfunction, and organomegaly (TAFRO) syndrome. We searched the literature in PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and the Web of Science Core Collection. Ultimately, we analyzed 11 studies with 22 patients plus our 1 patient, totaling 23 patients. The mean age was 47.0 ± 12.6 years. There were 20 male and 3 female patients, respectively. The histopathological analysis of lymph nodes was conducted in 15 patients (65.2%), and the diagnosis was consistent with TAFRO syndrome in all 15 patients. Among the 23 patients, 11 patients (18 adrenal glands) showed adrenal ischemia/infarction, 9 patients (13 adrenal glands) showed adrenal hemorrhage, and 4 patients (7 adrenal glands) showed adrenomegaly without evidence of concurrent ischemia/infarction or hemorrhage. One patient demonstrated unilateral adrenal hemorrhage and contralateral adrenomegaly. In patients with adrenal ischemia/infarction, the adrenal glands displayed poor enhancement through contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT). In patients with adrenal hemorrhage, the adrenal glands revealed high attenuation through non-enhanced CT and hematoma through magnetic resonance imaging. Adrenomegaly, with or without adrenal ischemia/infarction or hemorrhage, was observed in all patients (23/23, 100%). The subsequent calcification of the affected adrenal glands was frequently observed (9/14, 64.3%) when a follow-up CT was performed. Abdominal pain was frequent (15/23, 65.2%), all of which occurred after the disease's onset, suggesting the importance of considering TAFRO syndrome as a cause of acute abdomen. Given the absence of evidence of adrenal abnormalities in non-TAFRO-idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease (iMCD), they may serve as diagnostic clues for differentiating TAFRO syndrome from non-TAFRO-iMCD.
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