ReviewBiomedicines2024
Narrative Review of Biological Markers in Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia.
Review in Biomedicines, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Host-state biomarkers and clinical factors for stratification and optimization of cell therapy trials in chronic limb-threatening ischemia: A review.Regenerative therapy · 2026Review
- Systemic Inflammatory Indices Predict Survival and Limb Outcomes after Revascularization for Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia.Journal of vascular research · 2026Article
- Role of Inflammatory Biomarkers in Peripheral Arterial Disease: A Comprehensive Review of Prognostic and Therapeutic Implications.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Inflammation-modulating agents in chronic limb-threatening ischemia: a narrative review of therapeutic potential and future directions.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2026Article
- Atherosclerosis features in rheumatic diseases - focus on peripheral artery disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Factors associated with all-cause mortality in endovascularly treated patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia.Frontiers in epidemiology · 2026Article
- Machine learning-based prediction of diabetic peripheral neuropathy: model development and clinical validation.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundChronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI), the advanced stage of peripheral arterial disease, is diagnosed in the presence of ischemic rest pain, non-healing ulcers, or gangrene. Several studies have demonstrated that inflammation and endothelial dysfunction are some of the main substrates of CLTI.
methodsA narrative review was conducted and reported according to PRISMA guidelines. Three databases were searched-Web of Science, Medline, and EMBASE-for the studies assessing CLTI and the biological markers related to it.
resultsWe included 22 studies, and all the markers identified (C-reactive protein, D-dimers, fibrinogen, cytokines, IL-6, TNF-α, ICAM-1 (Intracellular Adhesion Molecule-1), VCAM-1 (Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1), neutrophile-to-lymphocytes ratio (NLR), IL-8, Pentraxin-3, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), calprotectin, E-selectin, P-selectin, neopterin, High-Mobility Group Box-1 protein (HGMB-1), Osteoprotegerin (OPG) and Sortilin) were positively associated with advanced CLTI, with major limb or major cardiovascular events in these patients.
conclusionsAll the studied markers had increased values in patients with CLTI, especially when associated with diabetes mellitus, proving a very important association between diabetes and major limb or cardiovascular events in these patients. There is a need for more studies to validate these markers in terms of diagnosis or prognosis in CLTI patients and in trying to find new medical strategies that target inflammation or endothelial dysfunction in these patients.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.