ArticleBiomedicines2024
PD-L1 Expression in Neoplastic and Immune Cells of Thymic Epithelial Tumors: Correlations with Disease Characteristics and HDAC Expression.
Article in Biomedicines, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors in thymic epithelial tumors: current evidence, immune-related toxicity, and perioperative considerations-a narrative review.Journal of thoracic disease · 2026Review
- Machine Learning-Based Prediction of Masaoka-Koga Stage and WHO Histological Risk Group in Thymic Epithelial Tumors Using Biomarker Combinations.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Autophagy-Related Proteins' Immunohistochemical Expression and Their Potential Role as Biomarkers in Thymic Epithelial Tumors.Cancers · 2026Article
- Pathobiology of thymic epithelial tumours and the treatment strategy based on immuno-oncological characteristics: a narrative review.Mediastinum (Hong Kong, China) · 2026Review
- Hemodynamic response after preoperative embolization in thymoma-associated myasthenia gravis: associations with necrosis, HIF-1α expression, and CD163-positive macrophages.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Current Clinical Paradigm and Therapeutic Advancements in Thymic Malignancies: A Narrative Review.Cancers · 2025Review
- Unraveling the role of HDAC3 as an immunotherapy prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in advanced non-small cell lung cancer.Respiratory research · 2025Article
- NADAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundProgrammed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in neoplastic and immune cells of the tumor microenvironment determines the efficacy of antitumor immunity, while it can be regulated at the epigenetic level by various factors, including HDACs. In this study, we aim to evaluate the expression patterns of PD-L1 in thymic epithelial tumors (TETs), while we attempt the first correlation analysis between PD-L1 and histone deacetylases (HDACs) expression.
methodsImmunohistochemistry was used to evaluate the expression of PD-L1 in tumor and immune cells of 91 TETs with SP263 and SP142 antibody clones, as well as the expressions of HDCA1, -2, -3, -4, -5, and -6.
resultsThe PD-L1 tumor proportion score (TPS) was higher, while the immune cell score (IC-score) was lower in the more aggressive TET subtypes and in more advanced Masaoka-Koga stages. A positive correlation between PD-L1 and HDAC-3, -4, and -5 cytoplasmic expression was identified.
conclusionsHigher PD-L1 expression in neoplastic cells and lower PD-L1 expression in immune cells of TETs characterizes more aggressive and advanced neoplasms. Correlations between PD-L1 and HDAC expression unravel the impact of epigenetic regulation on the expression of immune checkpoint molecules in TETs, with possible future applications in combined therapeutic targeting.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.