ReviewAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)2024
Redox Regulation of Immunometabolism in Microglia Underpinning Diabetic Retinopathy.
Review in Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Phytochemical profiling and biological evaluation of hazelnut shell extract reveals neuroprotective potential in human microglial cells.Molecular biology reports · 2026Article
- Obesity-associated lysosomal nitrosative stress promotes retinopathy.Biology direct · 2026Article
- Combined proteomics and metabolomics analyses revealed molecular signatures associated with proliferative diabetic retinopathy.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Review: The role of microglia in diabetic retinopathy and its potential as a therapeutic target.Molecular vision · 2026Review
- Review
- Mechanisms of action of retinal microglia in diabetic retinopathy (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2025Review
- The role of microglia in the development of diabetic retinopathy and its potential clinical application.Human cell · 2025Review
- Triaptosis and Cancer: Next Hope?Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Review
- "ArmedFrontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Review
- Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of visual impairment and blindness among the working-age population. Microglia, resident immune cells in the retina, are recognized as crucial drivers in the DR process. Microglia activation is a tightly regulated immunometabolic process. In the early stages of DR, the M1 phenotype commonly shifts from oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis for energy production. Emerging evidence suggests that microglia in DR not only engage specific metabolic pathways but also rearrange their oxidation-reduction (redox) system. This redox adaptation supports metabolic reprogramming and offers potential therapeutic strategies using antioxidants. Here, we provide an overview of recent insights into the involvement of reactive oxygen species and the distinct roles played by key cellular antioxidant pathways, including the NADPH oxidase 2 system, which promotes glycolysis via enhanced glucose transporter 4 translocation to the cell membrane through the AKT/mTOR pathway, as well as the involvement of the thioredoxin and nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 antioxidant systems, which maintain microglia in an anti-inflammatory state. Therefore, we highlight the potential for targeting the modulation of microglial redox metabolism to offer new concepts for DR treatment.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.